+1 862 207 3288 The first Major Research Assignment of the semester is this Article Analysis and Scientific Method Exercise. The full exercise is posted in the Assignments section of Blackboard. You will be entering your answers to the questions below in the spaces provided there and submitting your assignment through the Blackboard system. Refer to that assignment for more detailed instructions. This is simply a list of the questions you will need to answer for that assignment.
All of the questions for this assignment can be answered using Chapter 2 of our course textbook and the research article, ìDiscrimination in a Low-Wage Labor Market: A Field Experiment,î by Devah Pager, Bruce Western, and Bart Bonikowski.
1. In the space provided, provide a reference-list entry for this article as if you were writing it for the reference list of a paper you are writing.
2. The first section of the article, aside from the abstract, is where authors identify the problem they are studying. How have Pager and her co-authors “defined the problem” they are studying in this article? In particular, what is the specific question they are trying to answer, and how does it flow from the discussion in this Introductory section?
In this answer, don’t simply copy/paste the question from the article. Re-phrase it in your own words.
3. The “Literature Review” section of an article is where authors discuss existing research literature. In that discussion, they will often discuss the “gaps” or “holes” in the existing research and what we know about a given topic.
Identify two “gaps” or “holes” in the existing research that Pager, Western and Bonikowski discuss. Additionally, discuss how these two “gaps” are related to the research question you identified in your previous answer.
4. How have Pager and her co-authors operationalized “discrimination”? In other words, how have they turned that concept into something they can measure?
5. What are the independent and dependent variables Pager and her co-authors are using in this article?
6. There are two primary hypotheses being tested in this article. What are these hypotheses?
(Remember, a hyphothesis is a statement about the relationship between two variables, a relationship that can be expressed in true/false statement format.)
7. Identify the sample that these authors have used, and discuss how the use of this sample impacts the generalizability of the results.
8. The key feature that makes experimental forms so useful is their reliance on controlled comparison. Describe how both control and comparison are used in this experiment to isolate the effect of race and a prison record on the outcome of employment applications.
9. One of the key concepts we deal with in determining how “good” our data are is reliability.Define this concept, in your own words, and discuss any problems of reliability that arise in this article.
10. One of the key concepts we deal with in determining how “good” our data are is validity.Define this concept, in your own words, and discuss any problems of validity that arise in this article.
11. Discuss how the authors of this article use both descriptive and inferential statistics. (Be sure that you identify the difference between these two types of statistics in your discussion.)
12. What avenues for further research do Pager, Western and Bonikowski identify?
13. Discuss how the different sections of a research article, as demonstrated in the Pager et. al. article, correspond to different stages in the scientific research process. Be specific in your identification of the particular stages of the scientific process and which parts of the article they are related to.
In your discussion, be sure to identify all of the steps of the process. In doing so, discuss how this article exemplifies those steps. (You should give each step at least 2-3 sentences; don’t shortchange the discussion.)
14. Describe, in your own words, the results of the study. What about this results is surprising and/or interesting to you? Why?
15. Identify and discuss something you learned about the scientific research process and sociology during this exercise. (I don’t want you to identify some new information from within an article, but instead to think about how the practice of research builds knowledge and theory.)
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