How can nurses’ attitude and knowledge of pain in elderly patients with dementia in long-term care facilities be improved?

Significant research exists which is concerned with evaluating the characteristics of qualitative research in terms of its validity and reliability. There are many research workers, such as (Roth and Fonagy, 1996; Maw, 2004; Dixon-Woods, 2006), who argue that that validity, reliability and objectivity of any research study must be developed in qualitative research. However, according to other researchers, specific level of adjustment is the characteristic of quantitative research design and concepts. For that reason, critical appraisal of a qualitative research study and the tool employed for appraisal may have diverse criteria in their list to carry out a critical appraisal. According to some research workers, a critical appraisal is an instrument and employed as part of examination, investigation, and interpretation processes in qualitative studies (Raslich and Onady, 2007). A very int…(short extract)