The Genetics

The Genetics

Cloning, Tolemeres, or Down syndrome in female fertility. These are the three things I submitted to my professor and they where accepted. Choose any of these topics and follow the guidelines carefully thank you.

1. Topic. Anything related to genetics is a good topic. Most students write about a genetic condition that someone in their family has. You can write about any kind of genetics: human, plant, horse, bacteria, whatever. Some people have a trait in their family that they want to investigate in order to find out whether it has a genetic basis, even if the answer is “no”, okay as long as the answer can be supported by the literature.

2. Length. The paper should be about three pages long, singlespaced. By singlespaced I mean the spacing in this write up. In Microsoft Word this is not “Normal”, it is “No Spacing” in the toolbar. In the end, I’m looking for quality not quantity.

3. Format of the paper. You are pretty free to write this however you wish, but there are a few guidelines you must follow.

a. Write in the third person. This is not a short story. It is a research paper.

b. The first paragraph is an introduction to the general topic. For example, if your paper is about fertility in female Down syndrome patients, the first paragraph would be a discussion about Down Syndrome in general. You might want to say a word about why you chose this topic.

c. The rest of the paper will consist of a summary of the three articles (you can certainly do more if you wish).

4. References. You will need at least 3 Journal references. You may also use other sources as you wish, but at least three must be from peer-reviewed journals. To be safe get these from HYPERLINK “http://www.pubmed.gov” www.pubmed.gov as we discussed in class.

a. The internet is a good place to go for basic information. But be sure you use a reasonably reliable source. Universities, hospitals and national foundations are usually pretty good. Some people cite all of the sites in sight.

b. Beware of on-line encyclopedias, whose information may not be up to date or verified.

c. DO NOT USE Wikipedia as a source. It is notoriously unreliable, although I must admit that it is certainly way better than it was a few years ago. The main reason I do not want you to use it is that it is too easy.

d. You must use at least 3 sources from a peer-reviewed scientific journal. See the section (8) below on Journals to find out more about that.

e. You must actually use the sources you cite. Just listing them at the end of the paper is not enough.

5. Style. You may use any standard style such as APA, MLA, Turabian, etc. or any other, or you can use no standard style at all.

6. Listing your references cited. If you don’t follow a standard style for your paper, here is what you need in your citations: Author(s). Date. Title of Article. Title of Journal. Volume, Number and pages. Even if your standard format does not include all of this information, you still need to include it.

For example:

Smith AC, BL Johnson and JY Jones. 2008. All about genetic stuff. International Journal of Genetic Stuff. 63(4): 132-145.

If your use a Pubmed abstract as a source (see section 8 Below), do this

Smith AC, BL Johnson and JY Jones. 2008. All about genetic stuff. International Journal of Genetic Stuff. 63(4): 132-145. (Pubmed Abstract)

If you cite a website you must do two things:

a. List the web site in your “References Cited” at the end of the paper. The URL by itself is not an adequate reference. I need as much of the above listed information as you can find.

b. Cut and paste the URL into an email that also includes your name and the title of your paper. It needs to be a hyperlink, which means I need to be able to click on it. I also need to be able to match your link to a reference on your paper.

7. Citing your references. Again, you may use any format you wish. You can list the references at the end of the paper, and just refer to the author in the paragraphs. You can even number the paragraphs and use the corresponding numbers in your list of sources if you wish. If you quote a source or use ideas or information from more than one article in a paragraph, you should cite the reference, so that it is clear where the information came from If you are quoting or directly referring to information from an article, you should cite the article. Again, use whatever format you wish. For example, one simple way to do this is:

It is clear from the literature on this topic that there is a lot of stuff in the world of research on genetic stuff (Smith).

If Smith wrote more than one article that you are citing: (Smith, 1999)

If Smith wrote more than one article in 1999 that you are citing: (Smith, 1999a)

8. Pubmed. Pubmed.gov is the primary sources you should use to find articles in peer-reviewed journals. When you get to Pubmed and complete your search, you will find that one of the things you can do is get an abstract for most of the sources you will find. An abstract is a summary of the article. In many cases the abstract will give you all the information you need. If it does, you can use it as your source. I just need to know that you used the abstract and not the actual article. See section 5 above to find out how to cite the abstract.

You might need the whole article to get the information that you need. Sometimes full text articles are available for free in Pubmed. An icon next to the title will give you that information. Others might be available in one or more of the databases in our library. For example Elsevier is a publishing company that publishes hundreds of journals and the complete text version of these is available through the Elsevier database in the library. You have no idea how lucky you are to have resources like this!
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