Explain the principles of interprofessional practice in mental health service provision and the contribution of each professional group to effective care;

Explain the principles of interprofessional practice in mental health service provision and the contribution of each professional group to effective care;

• explain the principles of interprofessional practice in mental health service provision and the contribution of each professional group to effective care; and
• describe best practice in terms of evidence-based interventions for mental health promotion, prevention, early intervention, illness management and recovery.
Topic
“Is working within a multidisciplinary team critical in achieving best practice in mental health care?” Discuss.
When substantiating your argument, you may want to consider using the following prompts as a starting point:
• How can a multi-disciplinary team structure, and approach enhance or inhibit best practice?
• What are the challenges and opportunities for working within a multidisciplinary team in mental healthcare?
• What is best practice in terms of evidence-based interventions for mental health promotion, prevention, early intervention, illness management and recovery?
Structure and style
• Your essay should follow all academic rules.
• You must write a clear and well-constructed essay with subheadings as you need them, and a brief (100 word max) introduction and conclusion.
• You must reference every claim, and include references throughout the essay.
• The essay is to be objective (see Objective and subjective arguments).
• You must include a correct and complete reference list at the end of your essay – only include the references you have cited in the body of your essay.
• Use the APA Referencing system.
• Use a font suitable to academic writing (such as Arial, Callibri, Helvetica or Times New Roman) at font size 11- or 12-point, and double-space your text to allow room for markers to make comment.
Referencing
You must use the APA referencing system. Follow the link at the top right of the page for information and examples.
Marking criteria
• Discussion and analysis of the multidisciplinary teams and their processes. Comprehensive explanation and exploration of the principles best practice. Insightful analysis, critical reflection/discussion on the topic and concepts
• Strong and appropriate structure, including an introduction, conclusion and headings as needed and as relevant
• The assignment was presented in a strong way that was logical in its sequencing, and where the ideas presented were clear and succinct

4. Evidence-based practice in mental health
This module examines principles of best practice in delivery of mental health care. In this topic you will:
• learn about the principles of evidence based best practice and develop the confidence to apply established theories in order to deliver effective mental health care;
• compare and contrast the concepts of rehabilitation and recovery and discuss the key distinctions;
• critically analyse the current literature on relapse prevention and make available to consumers the appropriate evidence based literature in order to support the clients’ ongoing wellbeing.
• 1. Principles of best practicePage
1. Principles of best practice
What is best practice?
“Best practice is defined as a comprehensive, integrated, and cooperative approach to the continuous improvement in all areas of an organisation’s operations.”
(Meadows et al 2009, p. 264)
When we want to use data to help us decide on services/approaches/models, we have to be sensitive to the various ways in which data can be misleading. Evidence-based practice can help with that.
“In order for us to maximise the use of scientific information, it is necessary for us to have a useful set of rules. For some guidance as to how scientific investigation may be translated into assistance in clinical decision making, we will look to the domain of practice known as evidence-based practice (EBP).”
(Meadows et al 2009, pg 137)
In general, when we talk about scientific enquiry and ‘evidence’, we are essentially discussing statistical significance and randomised control trials, double blind studies and so on. In the real world, when dealing with mental disorders, and case management, it is not always possible to only rely on data from randomised studies. Advice and direction are needed in the meantime. Therefore, the clinician may bear in mind the levels of evidence upon which particular clinical decisions are based, and a ‘hierarchy of evidence’ can be considered to support decisions (Meadows et al 2009). Meadows et al (2009) give details on a ‘five levels of evidence’ approach, which can help with weighing up evidence.
A classification systems known as the GRADE system, which stands for ‘Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation’ (Guyatt et al 2006, as cited in Meadows et al 2009) takes more features of the literature into account than the ‘five levels of evidence’ system does. Importance of the outcome, size of the treatment effect, methodological quality, risks, burden, costs and personal and social value are incorporated.
Here is a link to an article on the GRADE approach to evaluating data, written by Dr. Gordon Guyatt (one of the developers of the system):
http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/336/7650/924
“The posture of evidence based medicine is that the clinician uses the best available evidence to guide the decision. Additionally, the evidence based approach may involve sharing with the consumer the kind of evidence that is being used to guide the decision, and this is especially important in situations where recommendations from guideline literature should be seen as weak rather than strong”
(Meadows et al 2009, pg 137).
* This topic (best practice/evidence-based practice) is largely covered in HSMH423 and HSMH424, with a strong emphasis on evidence-based practice.
Please refer to your textbook (Mental Health in Australia, Meadows et al, 2012) for this topic area.
Read
Meadows, Singh & Grigg text (2012):
• Chapter titled Evaluation and the Concept of Quality – has a subsection ‘Quality in Practice – Processes’.
• Evidence – based practice (refer to text’s index for page numbers) – an overview of evidence based practice, including the origins of the approach. This section includes the ‘Five Levels of Evidence’ and leads on to a section on ‘Evidence and formation of Mental health Policy’.
Recommended:
Kneisl & Trigoboff (2012), Contemporary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing:
• Section titled ‘Why is Evidence Based Practice Important?’ Subsections include Best Practices Based on Evidence, and Critical Thinking and Evidence Based practice. There is a ‘self-awareness’ exercise to do which prompts you to assess how ready you are to engage in best practice.
N.B. In 2009 version of text – Chapter 4 (p. 48).

• 2. Illness management, recovery and rehabilitationPage

2. Illness management, recovery and rehabilitation
* The two sections of this module are covered in detail in the unit HSMH424 Promotion, Prevention & Intervention in Mental Health.
This image shows the link for the National Standards for the Mental Health Workforce, from the Department of Health. This section deals with Relapse Prevention. Follow the link below to read the information. You will see that evidence base is an important consideration when making decisions related to assessment, treatment, relapse prevention and support:

View details at:
http://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/mental-pubs-n-workstds-toc~mental-pubs-n-workstds-gui~mental-pubs-n-workstds-gui-7
Rehabilitation and recovery
Please be aware that rehabilitation and recovery are not the same.
The key distinction to make is between recovering and recovery:
“The recovery process is the foundation upon which rehabilitation builds, whereas what workers do is facilitate recovery”
(Anthony 1993, as cited in Meadows et al 2009, pg 48).
The general goal of rehabilitation is to help people with mental illness to regain their rightful place in the community (SANE 1999 as cited in Meadows et al 2009 pg 47). Core functions of rehabilitation include empowerment, opportunities for learning skills (or re-learning skills), and connecting with the community (SANE 1999 as cited in Meadows et al 2009 pg 48).

“…the principal purpose of psychosocial rehabilitation programs is to enable people with mental health issues to live fulfilling lives, which will necessitate accomplishing real community integration and restoring the full citizenship of people with mental illness and in turn means discrimination and social exclusion must be addressed. The community development approach to rehabilitation offers a community practice framework for finding potentially effective ways to address major social barriers to real integration in community life”
(Meadows et al 2009, pg 49).
Evidence-based practice and case management
In your textbook, page 359, best practice and evidence based care are discussed. The functionality of case management has been a topic of research for quite a while. An interesting finding (from the literature) presented here is that of comparing levels of contact within case management. The basic elements of case management were adhered to, including monitoring, review, and assertive response to default. But when intensive contact and standard contact were examined, no major differences were found in the outcomes.
“Merely increasing the time spent with someone in case management does not appear, in and of itself, to make any substantial difference” (Meadows et al 2009, Pg 360). It seems the quality of contact is most important, and this is a decision we can make because of an evidence base.
Further reading
Recommended
Treatment Protocol Project (2004), Management of Mental Disorders (4th ed) Volume One, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Evidence in Mental Health Policy.Sydney:
• This book is a handbook for clinicians who are treating consumers in the community. This volume (volume 1) deals with Core Management skills, medication, affective disorders, and anxiety and somatoform disorders. It relies on the principles of best practice.
Recommended:
Kneisl & Trigoboff (2012), Contemporary Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing:
The Critical Thinking exercise based on evidence based practice. It deals with a case study of an adolescent who has overdosed on medication. It incorporates ‘multiple intervention strategies based on research’. The vignette poses prompt questions for students to consider in relation to the case study, and how they would ‘follow-up’ with this consumer.

Share your thoughts and comments here
5. Practice resources for online learning

• PRACTICE ACTIVITY: Assessment and planning for clients with mental health problemsForum

• PRACTICE ACTIVITY: Upload a written assignment file to Moodle

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