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(a) YES
(b) NO
Given the following argument, which of (a), (b), (c) or (d) can be said to be correct?
(1)My car will not turn over! (2) It is not the battery as I can turn the lights on, (3) it is not the fuel as I just put some in from my Jerry can. (4) The engine has not seized as I was just using it. (5) It must be the starter motor that is broken!
(a) (1) and (5) are the conclusions
(b) (2) and (4) are premise
(c) (5) and (3) are premise
(d) (1) and (4) are the conclusions
Question 3. (3 POINTS)
Read the two lists of inference indicators in the Unit Notes, Topic 1, pp.2-3. Note that some of the words from the two lists are such that in some contexts they indicate the presence of an inference, whereas in others they do not.
Pick one word from each list and use it in a sentence where it functions as an inference indicator, and the other where it does not. Be clear on which words you have selected.
Question 4. (1.5 POINTS)
Considering the following question and response, what is the most relevant answer to Sherif Ali’s question, that one can logically generate from the response given.
When asked what his name was by Sherif Ali, Laurence of Arabia replied, “My name is for my friends. None of my friends is a murderer!”
(a) Sherif Ali is a murderer.
(b) Sherif Ali is not Laurence of Arabia’s friend.
(c) Laurence of Arabia will not tell Sherif Ali his name.
(d) All of the above.
Question 5. (1.5 POINTS)
Draw a structure diagram for the following argument.
(Note that the argument is already broken down into parts; so, to match the argument, your diagram should also consist of these numbered parts.)
(1) I must have all of these assignments finished before the 29th of October. (2) It is right now the 24th of October. (3) There are four assignments to do (4) so I have to finish one assignment a day.
Question 6. (3 POINTS)
Draw a structure diagram for the following argument.
(Note that the argument is already broken down into parts; so, to match the argument, your diagram should also consist of these numbered parts.)
(1) If it is cool to hate popular things (2) and being cool is popular, (3) then cool people must hate themselves. (4) Cool people must also hate other cool people. (5) Hating yourself is not conducive to a happy life, (6) neither is hating everyone that is like you. (7) Cool people must not be very happy in general. (8) I like being happy, (9) so I will give up on trying to be cool.
Question 7. (2 POINTS)
Construct an argument such that the diagram below could serve as its structure diagram. Indicate which parts of your argument correspond to (1), (2) and (3) on the diagram.
(1) (2)
(3)
Question 8. (5 POINTS)
Construct an argument such that the diagram below could serve as its structure diagram. Indicate which parts of your argument correspond to (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) on the diagram.
(1)
(2) + (3)
(4) (5)
Question 9. (1.5 POINTS)
Which one of the following is false?
(a) A deductively valid argument has no counter examples
(b) If an argument is deductively valid then its conclusion must be true.
(c) A deductively valid argument can have false premise.
(d) Deductive validity is a pre-requisite for a sound argument.
Question 10. (2 POINTS)
Construct your own example of a deductively valid argument that is not sound. ‘Your own’ means that the example should not be borrowed from the teaching materials for this Unit, nor from any other source – including Internet sources.
Question 11. (3.5 POINTS)
Construct your own example of an argument that is not deductively valid (still valid, just not deductively so) but is nevertheless true. ‘Your own’ means that the example should not be borrowed from the teaching materials for this Unit, nor from any other source – including Internet sources.
Question 12. (4 POINTS)
Construct a counter-example that would prove that the following argument is not deductively valid. You will have to (mentally at least, but feel free to do it literally as well) break the argument down into its parts and determine its structure in order to create a counter example that works.
Eating well and exercising regularly helps one live a long and healthy life, while cigarettes and alcohol abuse have the opposite effect. Therefore if you don’t smoke and drink, while eating well and exercising you will live longer than if you smoked and drank while eating junk and living a slothful existence.
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