Why is it important that ethical issues are considered when a research study is being planned? Illustrate your answer with references to the research papers by Punch and Thorne.

Ethical issues in research began to be considered in the late 1940s when, following Nazi research, people became sensitive to research being more than about care.   The Nuremberg Code of 1947 insisted that willing consent be sought by participants in order to carry out research.  At the time children were not considered mature enough to consent and were not permitted to take part in any research they were not able to gain from.   Many research projects must be approved by an ethics committee, but this is the not the case for all types of research….(short extract)