There are many times throughout our everyday lives when the process of positive reinforcement improves our adaptation to survival and personal wisdom, with or without conscious knowledge of its occurrence. Positive reinforcement can be defined as the presentation of a positive reinforcer immediately following a response with the effect that the response is strengthened or increased in frequency (Martin and Pear, 2002, p.414).
The concept of reinforcing stimuli as a developing process is one that has interested many psychologists. To what degree is reinforcement influential in changing the behaviour of organisms?…(short extract)