“Evaluate the following four arguments. Argument 1. The average model weighs 23% less than the average woman 1. Maintaining a weight that is 15% below your expected body weight fits the criterion for anorexia 2, so most models, according to medical standards, fit into the category of being anorexic 3. Argument 2. Marijuana may lead to amotivational syndrome 1. This is when a person loses concern about future events, lacks ambition, has diminished physical activity, and neglects his or herself 2. People with amotivational syndrome frequently turn to drugs in a search to find some meaning in life, which could explain why marijuana use is common among people with amotivational syndrome 3. Argument 3. Schizophrenics all come from families with a history of psychotic disorder 1, and Joness family has such a history 2, therefore Jones will exhibit schizophrenia 3. Argument 4. It is obvious that lack of exercise has a major role to play in child obesity 1. Scientists blame the television for becoming a substitute for outdoor sports 2, and therefore causing the plague of obesity 3.”

There are several problems with the premises of this argument ( 1 and 2 ) which consequently result in a debatable conclusion.  The entire argument boldly aims to support that most models are medically anorexic based on their weight condition ( 3 ).

The argument wants us to believe that there is a causal structure between the two premises.  This attempts to blind us with authoritative percentage figures and imply that the 8% difference between these figures cannot be disputed.

However, one of the main problems is that individual cases may prove diverse.  Assuming that a particular model weighs 23% less than the average woman, this does not necessarily mean that the same model is 15% below their own expected body weight.  This confirms that a logical inconsistency is present….(short extract)

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