Strength is one aspect of fitness.

(a) Give one other aspect of fitness.
1 (b) How could a person improve their level of fitness? 1 6. The pie chart shows heat loss from a house.

Walls Draughts Roof Floor Windows

(a) Which part of the house loses most heat? 1 (b) Which two parts of the house together make up 25% of the total heat loss? and 1

(c) The total heat loss from the house is 240 kWh. Calculate the amount of heat energy lost through the roof. Space for working

Answer………….kWh

7. Some pupils tested the strength of model bridges. The strongest model bridge is shown below.

Marks KU PS

Give two reasons why this model bridge is strong. 1 2 8. Coal is a source of energy used to heat homes. 2

(a) Give one other source of energy used for heating homes. 1 (b) Give one other use of energy in the home. 1

9. Match the use of each material to its property. One has been done for you. Use of material Property

Marks KU PS

concrete supports in a bridge stainless steel sink brass pins on an electric plug copper pans

good electrical conductivity good thermal conductivity good strength good resistance to corrosion

10. Alistair used model houses to investigate loft insulation materials. For each experiment, he used a light bulb as a heat source and a thermometer to measure the temperature in the loft. 1 5 cm thick mineral wool 2 5 cm thick cellulose fibre
100 Watt bulb

60 Watt bulb

3 5 cm thick mineral wool

4 10 cm thick mineral wool

60 Watt bulb

100 Watt bulb

(a) Alistair wanted to find out if mineral wool or cellulose fibre is the better material for insulating a loft. Which two boxes show the experiments he should compare for a fair test? Box numbers…………………. and…………………. 1

(b) Alistair compared the experiments in boxes 1 and 4. What was he trying to find out? 1

11. A sample of river water was collected beside a sewage pipe. More samples were taken further down the river. The oxygen content of each sample was measured. The results are shown in the graph. 200 175 Oxygen 150 content of river water 125 (units) 100 75 50 25 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Distance from sewage pipe (m)

Marks KU PS

(a) What is the oxygen content of the river water 250 m from the sewage pipe? units (b) At what distance from the sewage pipe is the oxygen content lowest? m (c) Trout need an oxygen content of at least 150 units to survive. Predict the distance from the sewage pipe where the oxygen content of the river water will return to 150 units. 1 1 1

m
12. (a) Complete the diagram below to show the five basic needs of humans.
Food

Basic Needs of Humans Warmth

Air

1 (b) Replanting areas of forest after the trees have been cut down for timber is an example of A recycling B energy saving

C conservation D pollution 1

Underline the correct answer [Turn over

13. Which three of the diseases shown in the box below can be caused by smoking? Circle the correct answers. arthritis measles common cold bronchitis lung cancer obesity heart disease chicken pox
2

14. A food web is shown below. fox toad hedgehog weasel

slug

caterpillar

vole

green plant Use this food web to answer the questions. (a) Name two predators of the hedgehog. and 1

(b) Name an animal that is both predator and prey. 1 (c) From the food web, complete this food chain. fox 1

15. Different mammals need different amounts of sleep per day. A giraffe sleeps for only 4 hours per day. A sloth, however, spends 20 hours per day sleeping. Sleeping 14 hours per day, a hamster gets twice as much sleep as a guinea pig, which sleeps for 7 hours per day. (a) Use this information to complete the table below. Mammal Sleep per day (hours)

Marks KU PS

2 (b) Use this information to complete the bar graph. (Another copy of this graph, if required, can be found on Page nineteen) 22 20 18 16 14 Sleep 12 per day (hours) 10 8 6 4 2 0 Giraffe Mammal

16. Fossil fuels are our main energy sources. (a) Which gas in the air is used up when fossil fuels burn?

Marks KU PS

1 (b) Why is it important to conserve our supplies of fossil fuels? 1 17. Read the information below and use it to label the diagram. Distillation can be used to separate alcohol from a mixture of alcohol and water. The mixture is heated in a distillation flask. Alcohol vapour passes through a column filled with glass beads. A Leibig condenser uses cooling water to change the alcohol vapour into a liquid. The liquid drips into a conical flask.

thermometer cooling water out

cooling water in

alcohol /water mixture

2 HEAT

18. The boxes below show different substances which can pollute the environment. 1 CFCs sulphur dioxide smoke pesticides litter mining waste 2 oil mining waste smoke CFCs pesticides oil
3

(a) Which box shows three substances which can pollute the land? Box number 1

(b) Which box shows three substances which can pollute the air?

19. Read the passage and then answer the questions below. When a volcano erupts, the material that rises to the surface is called magma. There are two main types of magma — basic magma and silicic magma. Basic magma contains less than 55% silica and is very hot, reaching a temperature of about 1200 °C. Basic magma is fast flowing. Silicic magma contains between 55% and 70% silica. Silicic magma is slow moving and only reaches temperatures of about 700 °C. When the magma reaches the surface, it can form lava and hot gases. If the volcano is underwater the lava cools quickly to form rock formations called pillow lava. If the volcano is on land the lava can flow and cool to form layers of volcanic rock. (a) What temperature is reached by fast flowing basic magma?
1 (b) Which type of magma contains the higher percentage of silica? (c) Where would you find volcanoes that form pillow lava? (d) A magma has a silica content of 60%. List two other pieces of information about this magma. 1 2 1 1 1

20. Plastic is one type of waste that can be recycled. (a) What does recycled mean?

Marks KU PS

1 (b) Give one other type of waste that can be recycled. 1 21. Electrical plugs have safety features. For example, the cable grip prevents the wires being pulled out of the pins. Label the diagram to show two other safety features in the plug.

cable grip cable 2

22. Alison timed how long it took to boil water using kettles with different power ratings. Power rating (kW) 1 1 1 2 2 2 (a) Volume of water (l) 0·5 1·0 1·5 0·5 1·0 1·5 Time to boil (s) 225 460 580 110 225 285

Marks KU PS

(i) Complete the sentence by circling the correct word in the box. As the power rating increases, the time to boil the same volume of water decreases stays the same increases 1 .

(ii) Draw one other conclusion from the information. 1

(b) Predict the time to boil 0·75 litres of water using a kettle with a 1 kW power rating. s 23. The box shows the names of some substances. cement iron zinc sand wood glass 1

(a) Which substance is mixed with copper to make the alloy called brass? 1 (b) Which two substances are mixed with aggregate to make concrete?

24. The graph shows how the resistance of a thermistor changes with temperature. 800 700 600 500 Resistance (ohms) 400 300 200 100 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Marks KU PS

Temperature (°C)

(a) Draw one conclusion from the information in the graph.

1 (b) What is the resistance of the thermistor when the temperature is 40 °C? …………..ohms 1

25. The table shows the energy content of 100 g of different cheeses.

Marks KU PS

Cheese Brie Cheddar Edam Parmesan Ricotta

Energy content (kJ/100 g) 1120 1680 1320 920 400

(a) Calculate the energy content of a 50 g portion of Brie. Space for working

Answer kJ (b) How much more energy is there in 100 g Cheddar compared with 100 g of Ricotta? Space for working
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