Netflix

Problem1 : Delivering content to members faster and on more devices: Netflix is utilizing the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) and Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) to transcode and store the movie subscription service’s growing movie content library for delivery on new platforms, including the Nintendo Wii and the Apple iPad. The flexibility and scalability of AWS allows Netflix to utilize vast numbers of servers to transcode and store TV episodes and movies into new formats quickly, and AWS pay-as-you-go pricing ensures that Netflix pays only for resources used. Netflix can do all of this without being exposed to the costs and burden of maintaining large amounts of infrastructure that go underutilized.
•    Maintaining a highly available and resilient member-facing website: Netflix runs several of its website application functions on AWS, and is rapidly migrating more of these components to AWS. The important functions migrating to AWS include the delivery of movie and member metadata within the Netflix website. Using this data, Netflix is able to continue developing a more accurate recommendation engine, ensuring that Netflix members receive the TV episodes and movies they want, when they want them.
•    Analyzing data to improve streaming quality: Netflix is using Amazon Elastic Map Reduce to analyze streaming sessions and extract business metrics around performance, viewing patterns and more, which enables Netflix to continue to improve the quality of streaming.”

a.    What instances would you recommend to Netflix to reserve for the transcoding  and storing of TV episodes?  What will be the price for three years of operation? Make your own simplified assumptions.
b.    Assume Netflix has contracts with TV program producers at different countries and perform transcoding at different regions, then exchange the different formats based on the subscriptions among regions.  What are specific charges in their system which we did not consider important in our hw4?
c.    Why Netflix does not use CDN such as Akamai for their streaming services? Named two main reasons.

Problem 2. In EL Pomar library, we have more than 100 PCs, which are idle during the night. How can we utilize LVS clustering technique to form a cluster and enable students to remote connect to these machines using RDP?
a)    Which LVS configuration choice would you recommend (NAT, Tunnel, DR)?
b)    What configuration changes need to be made on those PCs?
c)    Security is a concern. We do not want anyone in Internet to access these PCs except our students and faculty. What is your solution?

Problem 3. Assume that  we extend the taxonomy of Cardellini’s paper for globally distributed server system. Here are three original main architectures:
—Cluster-based (Web) system  where the server nodes mask their IP addresses to clients. The only client visible address is a Virtual IP (VIP) address corresponding to one device which is located in front of the Web server layer.
—Virtual (Web) cluster where the VIP address is the only IP address visible to the clients like in a cluster-based Web system. Unlike the previous architecture, this VIP address is not assigned to a single front-end device but shared by all the server nodes.
—Distributed (Web) system where the IP addresses of the Web-server nodes are visible to client applications.

a.    How do you classify the Akamai’s cache server system?
b.    How do you classify the 13 root DNS server system answer the DNS queries?
c.    How do you classify the LVS-DR cluster?
d.    How do you classify the content switch based cluster sytem?

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