+1 862 207 3288 Thomas is an 11-year male diagnosed with muscular dystrophy and has attended regular school since kindergarten. He has been able to
participate in all in class and out of class activities while in elementary school with some assistance. He is now in the middle school,
where he receives Occupational Therapy on a consultation basis. Thomas met with the Occupational Therapist explaining that he was having
some difficulty transitioning to the new school and was seeking help.
The Occupational Therapist met with Thomas to discuss his issues. Thomas indicated that he is struggling keeping up with the writing in
certain classes when the assignments are written on the blackboard. Thomas states” I don’t want to be seen as a poor student, but I cannot
keep up.” Thomas does have a computer that he often used in elementary school however he did not need to pack it up and carry in between
classes, doing this task is difficult due to his decreased strength and endurance during the school day.
Thomas is able to ambulate short distances with orthotics which allows him to be independent in toileting. He uses an electric power
wheelchair to maneuver around school. Thomas’s schedule involves having classes on both the first and second floor. There is an elevator in
the school however it is on the opposite side of the school from Thomas’s class, he often arrives to class late and is feels horrible about
disrupting the class.
The middle school joins students from 3 different elementary schools, so although Thomas knows many of his classmates there are many new
students in his classes. During elementary school, Thomas had a small group of friends that he has known since first grade. Several of them
are becoming involved in sports and he does not see them often. He is observed to be becoming isolative, often spending study hall and lunch
alone working on his class work. Thomas is able to say that he is not happy with not being able to make new friends.
The Occupational Therapist asked Thomas if she could contact his parents to discuss some of his concerns. Thomas’s mother has noticed a
change at home, where he appears to be more disorganized, taking longer to complete his morning routines. At night, he eats with the family
but then quickly goes to his room and appears to do homework for hours. In the past, Thomas often did his homework in the kitchen with his
younger brother, Mike, offering help and socializing with him. His younger brother has made comments to Thomas about his change in behavior
and Thomas has gotten angry with him.
Thomas enjoys sports and often spent time watching his friends play and keeping team statistics, however now many of his friends are playing
on school teams. Thomas also enjoys music; writing lyrics and creating songs on the computer. Thomas and Mike often spend time together
playing computer games and board games.
ASSIGNMENT #2 CONCEPTUAL and HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS PAPER: MOHO
# Total Pages = 12 pages not including references and appendix.
The purpose of this paper is to identify, describe and analyze the dimensions of a major model of practice through a review of the
literature. The Model of Human Occupation is the chosen model, you will use the attached outline to describe its historical context,
theoretical framework and its impact on clinical practice. Research the beginning concepts of the model and trace its development in order to
reveal its current state of model development. Provide a thorough analysis and critique of the model. Briefly compare the model you selected
to other models. Identify models with similarities and major differences. Include appropriate illustrations, diagrams and/or visual models in
the appendix of your paper. Please include at least 6 references (APA style) relevant to your paper and include the most recent information.
The attached outline should be used as a guide for your paper. Each major component listed on the outline should be addressed in your paper
in the order in which you choose. You do not have to follow the outline in the exact order, as long as you include all the major components.
The ideas in your paper should flow. Examples are given of topics that could be addressed within each major area, however these are only
examples. Your paper should not be redundant. For example, if you choose to discuss the models view of function and dysfunction within the
section on theoretical foundations, it should not be repeated in the clinical application section. You are free to choose where and when you
want to include different components of the outline.
This paper is worth 20% of your grade and will be graded using the following criteria:
Evidence of understanding the model.
Addresses all major components in an accurate and complete manner.
Analysis, critical thinking, interpretation of the model and its clinical application.
Writing style-clarity, correct grammar and spelling, organization.
References included and in proper format.
1. Title of Model
2.Originators and History of the Model: Examples: Trace the historical development of this model. For example, When did this model first
appear? Who were the originators? What influenced its development? What client group was this model originally intended for? How and why has
it changed from the time it was first originated? Date of Last Revision?
3. Theory – Trace the theoretical foundations of this model. For example, briefly describe the most important theories that influenced the
development of the model and/or that provide the underlying foundation or support for the model concepts.
4. Model Concepts – Describe the model’s concepts. What are the main concepts and assumptions of the model; View of function versus
dysfunction; and How is change facilitated? Use your own words to describe the model. When possible, try to provide examples that illustrate
your understanding of the model.
5. Clinical Application: Discuss the clinical application of this model. For sections b & c, you will be provided a case scenario to relate
the assessment and treatment sections.
a) Indications for Clinical Application: Examples: areas of dysfunction, age groups, adaptability, cross cultural application and relevance
to the current health care environment.
b) Assessment: – Outline the model’s assessment procedures and/or protocols, and list a minimum of 2 standardized tools suggested for use. In
the case of models that do not explicitly indicate specific assessment tools, suggest assessments or types of assessments that would be
compatible with this approach.
c) Treatment: Describe treatment principles: Ways to reach function and/or reverse dysfunction. Provide a step-by-step description of
intervention strategies and/or techniques advocated. Indicate how the model guides the clinician in deciding where to begin treatment and how
to progress treatment. Provide a sample of 2 treatment goals that would be consistent for the case using this model. You should illustrate
how the model would guide treatment by using the provided clinical scenario. Other questions that could be addressed include:
1. What how you are using occupation therapeutically?
2. What is identified focus of intervention based on analysis?
3. What intervention categories or techniques are used?
Summarize your understanding of how the model would address measuring outcome effectiveness.
d) Evidence Based Practice: Briefly describe a minimum of 2 evidence-based practice applications that support the effectiveness of this model
in clinical practice. Synthesize and summarize the findings of 2 articles.
7. Contrast – Briefly compare and contrast the model you selected to other models. What other model (models) are most similar in theoretical
base, concepts and intervention strategies. Explain. Which model (models) is very different in theoretical base and intervention strategies?
What makes them different?
8. Critique of model – Critically evaluate and analyze this model. What do you feel are the advantages and limitations of this model? What
are your recommendations? What are your personal views of the model?
9. References – What resources have been used in your description, analysis and evaluation of the model? Use APA style. Resources may include
interviewing an occupational therapist that has used this model in clinical practice. It is expected that a minimum 6 references (not
including class texts) are used and that journal articles are included. Please refer to the APA manual for proper citations.
10. Appendix – Include a list of key terms and definitions in the appendix. Diagrams, definitions, tables, etc. may be included in the
Appendix and are not part of the page limit. Appendices should be clearly labeled (Appendix 1, Appendix 2). All appendixes need to be
referred to and briefly summarized or explained within the text.
Note: this paper requires you to search the literature using databases such as the OT Search database. You will need to gather a variety of
resources, including journal articles, as it is important to begin your search early. It may be helpful to use Ref Works for this assignment.
