Briefly explain uniform pricing, dynamic pricing, direct segment

Briefly explain uniform pricing, dynamic pricing, direct segment discrimination and indirect price discrimination and critically evaluate their usefulness for price setting within the airline industry.

 

2
Question 1
. The starting point for any program evaluation is
.
. a.
. Developing a research instrument

.
. b.
. Collecting data

.
. c.
. Talking with stakeholders about their perceptions

.
. d.
. Determining needs based on the mission statement of the program

.

 

0.5 points
Question 2
. Which of the following is true regarding the differences between program evaluation and research?
.
. a.
. The control of research is dispersed among stakeholder

.
. b.
. Program evaluation is more generalizable than research

.
. c.
. Research is more subjective

.
. d.
. Program evaluation make value judgments about the worth of a program

.

 

0.5 points
Question 3
. The baseline phase in time-series design
.
. a.
. Contains no treatment

.
. b.
. Defines the treatment

.
. c.
. Occurs at the end of each design model

.
. d.
. Is only used in momentary time sampling (MTS)

.

 

0.5 points
Question 4
. Latency describes
.
. a.
. Amount of behavior expressed over time

.
. b.
. Length of time a behavior occurs

.
. c.
. Ratio of a behavior

.
. d.
. Time from a stimulus being presented to a behavior being emitted

.

 

0.5 points
Question 5
. Advantages of single subject design include
.
. a.
. They have a practical application to decisions about client treatment

.
. b.
. Cause/effect relationships are shown for groups of participants

.
. c.
. These designs require no training for the researcher to implement

.
. d.
. Informed consent is not needed in these designs

.

 

0.5 points
Question 6
. Which of the following is true about interval scales?
.
. a.
. They range from strongly agree to strongly disagree and rate people’s attitudes

.
. b.
. They divide observations into categories and provides measurement by order and rank

.
. c.
. These scales consist of numbers assigned to groups or categories which have no inherent quantitative value

.
. d.
. The distance between scale points are equal

.
. e.
. They have a true zero point

.

 

0.5 points
Question 7
. Which of the following is true about ratio scales?
.
. a.
. They range from strongly agree to strongly disagree and rate people’s attitudes

.
. b.
. They divide observations into categories and provides measurement by order and rank

.
. c.
. These scales consist of numbers assigned to groups or categories which have no inherent quantitative value

.
. d.
. The distance between scale points are equal

.
. e.
. They have a true zero point

.

 

0.5 points
Question 8
. When scores on one test of a variable correlate highly with scores on another test of the same variable, one can assume
.
. a.
. Content validity

.
. b.
. Construct validity

.
. c.
. Convergent validity

.
. d.
. Discriminant validity

.

 

0.5 points
Question 9
. Which of the following is true regarding descriptive statistics?
.
. a.
. Mean and standard deviation are considered forms of descriptive statistics

.
. b.
. They serve as a way to understand numerical data

.
. c.
. They indicate basic features of data

.
. d.
. All of the above are true regarding descriptive statistics

.

 

0.5 points
Question 10
. A researcher gives a class of 8th graders a test on basic concepts of conflict resolution at the end of a 6 week psychoeducational group on the topic. The average score on the test is 82. This is known as the
.
. a.
. Mean

.
. b.
. Mode

.
. c.
. Indicator of success of the group

.
. d.
. Normal distribution

.

 

0.5 points
Question 11
. A researcher is interested in the reliability of a new instrument she has developed to measure self-awareness. One way of determining reliability is to
.
. a.
. Rank the scores of all participants who pilot the instrument

.
. b.
. Have an expert panel review the content

.
. c.
. Compare scores on the instrument to scores on another instrument that measures the same constructs

.
. d.
. Administer the same test on two occasions

.

 

0.5 points
Question 12
. The extent to which a test is an accurate measure of a particular variable is known as
.
. a.
. Content validity

.
. b.
. Construct validity

.
. c.
. Convergent validity

.
. d.
. Discriminant validity

.

 

0.5 points
Question 13
. Which of the following is true about nominal scales?
.
. a.
. They range from strongly agree to strongly disagree and rate people’s attitudes

.
. b.
. They divide observations into categories and provides measurement by order and rank

.
. c.
. These scales consist of numbers assigned to groups or categories which have no inherent quantitative value

.
. d.
. The distance between scale points are equal

.
. e.
. They have a true zero point

.

 

0.5 points
Question 14
. Range, standard deviation, and variance are all measures of variability.

True
False

 
0.5 points
Question 15
. Nominal variables are naturally numerical in value.

True
False

 
0.5 points
Question 16
. Program evaluation models that depend on identified objectives and quantitative data are considered
.
. a.
. numerical models

.
. b.
. consumer oriented models

.
. c.
. expertise approaches

.
. d.
. utilitarian models

.

 

0.5 points
Question 17
. When the program evaluation is conducted to determine how well the aims of the program have been achieved, it is known as
.
. a.
. Management-oriented model

.
. b.
. Objectives-oriented model

.
. c.
. Contextual-oriented model

.
. d.
. Consumer-oriented model

.

 

0.5 points
Question 18
. The practice of a more exclusive sampling for a deeper understanding of one specific aspect of a group is best described as
.
. a.
. Etic approach

.
. b.
. Emic approach

.
. c.
. Cross-cultural research

.
. d.
. Evidence based counseling practices

.

 

0.5 points
Question 19
. Questions related to who bears the burden of risks and who should receive the benefits of research fall under the principle of
.
. a.
. Respect for persons

.
. b.
. Beneficience

.
. c.
. Justice

.
. d.
. Veracity

.

 

0.5 points
Question 20
. To minimize the chance that data may accidentally be assigned to the wrong participant, data should be entered in SPSS
.
. a.
. Going across rows

.
. b.
. Going down the column

.
. c.
. Randomly

.
. d.
. Either row or column entry is equally effective at minimizing incorrect assignment of data

.

 

0.5 points
Question 21
. Which of the following is true about Likert scales?
.
. a.
. They range from strongly agree to strongly disagree and rate people’s attitudes

.
. b.
. They have a true zero point

.
. c.
. These scales consist of numbers assigned to groups or categories which have no inherent quantitative value

.
. d.
. The distance between scale points are equal

.

 

0.5 points
Question 22
. When scores on the 16 Personality Factor test do not highly correlate with the Wide Range Achievement Test, one can assume
.
. a.
. Content validity

.
. b.
. Construct validity

.
. c.
. Convergent validity

.
. d.
. Discriminant validity

.

 

0.5 points
Question 23
. Benefits of counselors understanding and conducting research include ALL BUT WHICH of the following

 

.
. a.
. Research informs practice

.
. b.
. Conducting research allows the counselor/research to implement findings effectively with clients

.
. c.
. Engaging in research projects can lead to networking opportunities for counselors

.
. d.
. All of the above are benefits to counselors

.

 

0.5 points
Question 24
. In phenomenological research, an intentional process whereby the researcher attempts to extract their own biases is known as
.
. a.
. Epoche

.
. b.
. Lebenswelt

.
. c.
. Essence

.
. d.
. Life-world

.

 

0.5 points
Question 25
. Groupings of related concepts that emerge throughout the coding of data in Grounded Theory are referred to as
.
. a.
. Coding

.
. b.
. Concepts

.
. c.
. Categories

.
. d.
. Properties

.

 

0.5 points
Question 26
. Examples of ethical concerns related to research include ALL BUT WHICH of the following
.
. a.
. Issues of informed consent

.
. b.
. Client anonymity

.
. c.
. Ensuring best treatment for clients

.
. d.
. Fees and billing arrangement for counseling appointments

.

 

0.5 points
Question 27
. The ACA ethical code related to relationships between researchers and research participants
.
. a.
. Is similar to the codes related to relationships between counselors and clients

.
. b.
. States that nonprofessional relationships with participants is always avoidable

.
. c.
. Differs from codes related to counselors and their clients because nonprofessional relationships are encouraged between researchers and research participants

.
. d.
. Does not address documentation of rationale for the proposed interaction

.

 

0.5 points
Question 28
. Any research that is culturally sensitive and culturally relevant can be considered
.
. a.
. Ethical research

.
. b.
. Cross-cultural research

.
. c.
. Multicultural research

.
. d.
. Responsive research

.

 

0.5 points
Question 29
. Mixed methods designs are called such because they
.
. a.
. Mix behavioral and theoretical models

.
. b.
. Blend quantitative and qualitative methodologies

.
. c.
. Can be used for either quantitative or qualitative research

.
. d.
. Incorporate gender differences into each design

.

 

0.5 points
Question 30
. Mixed methods research questions
.
. a.
. Are not dependent on the mixed methods design employed

.
. b.
. Address both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the study

.
. c.
. Are written in first person form

.
. d.
. None of the above are true about mixed methods research questions

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