+1 862 207 3288 The paper must focus on a building, a group of buildings, an urban agglomeration, city plan, or a landscape built within the chronological
boundaries of the course (prehistoric up to about 1400 BCE), but which has not been and will not be discussed at length in lectures or
sections. The paper must advance an argument about how an historical process is expressed in the architectural form you have chosen.
Because research is a multi-step process, the assignment is broken down into 3 parts:
The annotated bibliography, the draft, and the final essay.
Preliminary Research:
Look through some of the books listed in the bibliography on the course website. Use the Architecture 170 BOOKTRUCK in the Environmental
Design Library to browse general architecture histories, urban histories, images and plans. Go to Jstor.org and browse the Architectural
History and Archeology journals. Flip through Kostof; flip through other architectural history textbooks.
What catches your attention? Are you curious how the building or landscape was used? Who built it? How it was built?
This is a good start. Make a note of the sources you have found. You will need them for your annotated bibliography.
In a way, picking a building to write about is like dating. You may be infatuated with some gorgeous person, but if they have nothing to
say, you will lose interest quickly. The same is true of buildings. A building may be beautiful or striking, but that does not necessarily
mean that there is anything interesting to say about it. You are looking for more than a pretty facade. If you start to come across
controversy over a site, then you are on the right track.
Formulating a Question:
The most important thing to remember when beginning your paper is that it is not a report. That means that the paper must be more than a
compilation of historical facts. It must interpret the facts or evidence you have gathered. The paper must ask interpretative questions.
There are three types of questions:
Descriptive questions are concerned with simple facts, the basic who, when, where type of questions:
–Who were the architects?
–What are the building materials?
–What does it look like?
Analytical questions often begin with “How.” In architectural history, they often focus on the relationship between the parts of a building,
or a building and the landscape:
–How was it built? (Analysis of construction and structure.)
–How does the building work? (Functional analysis or analysis of the plan.)
–How has the building been altered?
Interpretive questions often require some speculation. They are directed toward the significance of a building, collection of buildings, or
landscape:
–Why did the builders of Avebury surround the circle with a berm?
–What do the paintings in the cave of Lascaux say about the relationship between the painters and the natural world?
The aim of this paper is to answer an interpretative question. To answer that question, you will need to provide answers to both descriptive
and analytical questions along the way. For example, before you can say what the paintings at Lascaux reveal about the painters’
relationship to nature, you will have to say who made the paintings where, and provide at least some information about how they made the
paintings. But the paper must advance a thesis about what these facts mean.
Note that the paper must focus on a specific site and ask a specific interpretative question of that site. Overly broad questions–like,
“How are architecture and agriculture related?”–are unacceptable. But no question, of any size, can be answered without sources.
Remember that there are a lot of interesting questions that cannot be answered. Many people would like to know what Terra Amata says about
its builders’ spiritual lives, but there are no sources that speak to that question. If you have no sources, you have no topic.
In Depth Research
Now that you have a site and a question, you need to find as many sources as you can to try to answer your question. Look for articles,
books, and encyclopedia entries which discuss your site. Keep good notes! There is nothing more annoying than spending 45 minutes reading a
source, only to realize that you have already read it and determined that it was not useful for you.
Remember that the site itself is a source. Get as many photos, plans, sections, and renderings as you can. With many paper topics, you can
conduct formal analysis on these sources to answer some key questions.
Do not just research your site. Also research your question. For example, suppose you are asking how the physical features of your site
structured the relationship between public and private in the lives of its inhabitants. Look for sources which ask comparable questions of
other sites. Try entering “public private” into whatever database you are working with. Add additional conditions to your search until you
find articles and/or books that ask a question similar to yours. How did the author answer his or her question? Can you apply this author’s
method–or pieces of it–to your project? You can draw on a writer’s methods just as you can draw on a writer’s factual research–and in
both cases you are obligated to acknowledge the source.
Evaluate your sources. Is your site, or your question, the focus of this author? Or is the author only mentioning a few things about your
subject in order to make some other point? If so, this author might not be the real authority. It is a good idea in that situation to check
the author’s footnotes and find the authoritative source where they got their info. More generally: How careful was the author? Does the
author have any obvious bias? Be critical. If there is anything that makes you skeptical about the author’s findings, then use the source
carefully.
Your annotated bibliography should report the results of this investigation. What sources did you find that speak to your site and or your
question? What is the strength and weakness of each source? How do you plan to use each of these sources? The annotated bibliography is
not just a list of articles and books that mention your site. You need to evaluate your sources and lay out how you intend to use them.
A note on the internet:
THE INTERNET IS NOT A SOURCE. The web is a powerful research tool which can guide you to all sorts of invaluable information, but it is not
itself a source. It is fine to look at Wikipedia, where most entries are footnoted. Follow the footnotes and you have found some sources.
But Wikipedia itself is not a source. The reader function on Amazon.com will allow you to look at the index and pieces of chapters of many
books–from there you may be able to rule the book out as a source, or go to the library and get the actual object. If you find an
interesting article online, find out where it was published. If it is just a page that someone has cobbled together from a variety of
places, without citing anything, then this is not an acceptable source.
Next week’s section is devoted to how to use Berkeley’s library system.
Writing
Writing is hard. If you find that it is easy for you, you are probably not doing it well. Remember the famous Samual Johnson quote: “What
is written without effort is in general read without pleasure.” At various points throughout this process you will feel frustrated and
confused. But confusion and frustration are often productive; they are indications that you are wrestling with ideas. Don’t get
discouraged! Keep at it!
Your subject will invariably change in small ways. You may realize that there is a more interesting question to ask of your site. Or
conversely, you may realize that a related site speaks better to the question you wish to ask. Be open to these sorts of refinements. If
you were looking at how Egyptian memorials represented the people’s relationship to nature, but you discover more sources, and a more
interesting story, about how the memorials represented gender relations, then go with it.
However, if halfway through the semester you start to feel frustrated by Egyptian memorials, and decide you want to write about Avebury
instead, then you are in trouble. Those of you who have taken studio know that if you do not have a project half way through the semester,
then you have a very hard time catching up. The same is true with writing a paper. To return to the dating metaphor: do not give in to
commitment anxiety! There are plenty of great sources on Egyptian memorials and plenty of great questions to ask of them. If you leave
Egypt, and go all the way up to Avebury, you are likely to discover that Avebury is frustrating too. And by that point it will be too late
to put together a good paper. Better just to build on and refine what you already have.
Parts of a Paper:
Introduction:
Your intro gives the reader the basic facts about your site and lets the reader know what your main interpretative question is. The intro
then gives a brief synopsis of what your answer to the question will be and how you will support your conclusion. You will need to try to
articulate the ideas of the introduction from the beginning, but it is a very good idea to write or rewrite your intro last, after you have
written the rest of the paper. How do you know where you are going until you see where you have been?
Body:
The body of the essay consists of two main parts: the case and the interpretation. The first part answers all the factual questions about
your site in depth. What? Where? Built by Whom? All of the information that you provide here should be relevant to your main
interpretative question. If you are interested in how walls structured public and private realms, then you have to decide whether the
location of the river is relevant. If you are not going to refer to it in your interpretative section, then it is probably extraneous
information. The interpretative section should first of all restate your main question. Then it should move systematically through all of
the facts you have provided, and make a case for why each fact supports the answer you have reached.
Conclusion:
This section restates the basics of the story, the question, and the answer. If the intro shows us where we are going, the conclusion shows
us where we have been. A good conclusion might also suggest areas of uncertainty where more research could be helpful or speculate beyond
where the evidence can take you.
A Historical Survey of Architecture and Urbanism: From Antiquity to the Middle Ages
Selected Bibliography
Originally Prepared by Professor Dell Upton, 2001
Updated by Professor Andrew Shanken, 2013, 2015
In Eight Sections: Course Readings – General – Ancient World – Africa – Americas – Asia – Medieval Europe – Middle East
General
Benevolo, Leonardo. The History of the City (1980)
De la Croix, Horst. Military Consideration in City Planning (1972)
Fletcher, Banister. A History of Architecture on the Comparative Method (19th ed., 1987)
Fitchen, John. Building Construction Before Mechanization (1986)
Galantay, E. Y. New Towns: Antiquity to the Present (1974)
Hawkes, Jacquetta. Atlas of Ancient Archaeology (1974)
Ingersoll, Richard, and Spiro Kostof. World Architecture: A Cross-Cultural History (2013)
Janson, H. W. History of Art (1962)
Jackson, John Brinckerhoff. A sense of place, a sense of time (1994)
Jackson, John Brinckerhoff. Discovering the vernacular landscape (1984)
Kostof, Spiro. A History of Architecture: Rituals and Settings (1985)
Kostof, Spiro, ed. The Architect: Chapters in the History of the Profession (1976)
Millon, Henry A. Key Monuments of the History of Architecture (1964) (picture book)
Moholy-Nagy, Sibyl, et al. “Architectural History and the Student Architect: A Symposium.” The Journal of the Society of Architectural
Historians (1967): 178-199.
Mumford, Lewis. The City in History (1961)
Norberg-Schulz, Christian. Meaning in Western Architecture (1975)
Onians, John. Bearers of Meaning: The Classical Orders in Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the Renaissance (1988)
Pevsner, Nikolaus. An Outline of European Architecture (7th ed., 1963)
Pyla, Panayiota. “Historicizing pedagogy: A critique of Kostof’s A History of Architecture.” Journal of Architectural Education 52.4 (1999):
216-225.
Raeburn, M. Architecture of the Western World (1980)
Roth, Leland M. Understanding Architecture: Its Elements, History, and Meaning (1993)
Said, Edward. Orientalism(1978)
Shanken, Andrew. “Surveying the Survey: Minimundus, Multiculturalism, and Modernism,” (unpublished manuscript; 2009)
Schoenhauer, N. Six Thousand Years of Housing (1980) 3 vols: 1/The Pre-Urban House; 2/The Oriental House; 3/The Occidental Urban House
Solnit, Rebecca. Wanderlust (2000)
Ancient World
Adam, Jean-Pierre. Roman Building Materials and Techniques (1994)
Allchin, Bridget and Raymond Allchin. The Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan (1982)
Alles, Gregory D. “Surface, Space, and Intention: The Parthenon and the Kandariya Mahadeva.” History of religions (1988): 1-36.
Arnold, Dieter. Building in Egypt: Pharaonic Stone Masonry (1991)
Atkinson, R. J. C. Stonehenge (1956)
Berve, H., and G. Gruben. Greek Temples, Theatres, and Shrines (1963)
Bianchi-Bandinelli, R. Rome, the Center of Power (1970)
Bianchi-Bandinelli, R. Rome, the Later Empire (1970)
Bilsel, S. M. “The undoing of a monument: preservation as critical engagement with Pergamon’s heritage.” Future Anterior 2.1 (2005): 12-21.
Boardman, John, Jasper Griffin, and Oswyn Murray. The Oxford History of the Classical World (1986)
Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro. Hadrian and the City of Rome (1987)
Boethius, Axel. Etruscan and Early Roman Architecture (2d ed.; 1978) (Pelican History of Art)
Boethius, Axel. The Golden House of Nero (1960)
Bradley, Richard. The Social Foundations of Prehistoric Britain: Themes and Variations in the Archaeology of Power (1984)
Brown, Frank E. Roman Architecture (1961)
Brown, Peter. The World of Late Antiquity, AD 150-750 (1976)
Burl, Aubrey. Rites of the Gods (1981)
Burstein, Stanley ed. Ancient African Civilizations: Kush and Axum (1998)
Castiglioni, F. Orthogonal Town Planning in Antiquity (1971)
Castleden, Rodney. The Stonehenge People: An Exploration of Life in Neolithic Britain 4700-2000 BC (1987)
Childe, V. Gordon. “The Urban Revolution,” Town Planning Review 21 (1950), 3-17.
Clarke, John R. The Houses of Roman Italy, 100BC-AD250: Ritual, Space, and Decoration (1991)
Cotterell, Arthur, ed. The Encyclopedia of Ancient Civilizations (1980)
Coulton, J. J. The Architectural Development of the Greek Stoa (1972)
Coulton, J. J. Ancient Greek Architects at Work (1977)
Crouch, Dora P. Water Management in Ancient Greek Cities (1993)
Davies, Paul et al., “The Pantheon: Triumph of Rome or Triumph of Compromise?” Art History (June 1987): 133-153
Dinsmoor, W. B. The Architecture of Ancient Greece (1975)
Dyer, James. Ancient Britain (1990)
Edwards, I. E. S. The Pyramids of Egypt (rev. ed.; 1985)
Elsner, Jas. Imperial Rome and the Christian Triumph: The Art of the Roman Empire, AD 100-450 (1998)
Fakhry, Ahmed. The Pyramids (1962)
Favro, Diane. The Urban Image of Augustan Rome (1996)
Frankfort, Henri. The Art and Architecture of the Ancient Orient (1954) (Pelican History of Art)
The Garland Library of the History of Art: Ancient Art, Pre-Greek and Greek Architecture (1976): Boethius, C. A. “Mycenaean Megara and Nordic
Houses”, 1-26; Lehmann, P. W. “The Siting of Hellenistic Temples”, 299-304; Scranton, R. L. “Interior Design of Greek Temples”, 271-92;
Stilwell, R. “The Siting of Classical Greek Temples”, 293-98.
Graham, J. W. The Palaces of Crete (2d ed.; 1987)
Grant, M. The Ancient Mediterranean (1969)
Handlin, Oscar and John Burchard, eds. The Historian and the City (Cambridge, MA, 1963)
Hawass, Zahi A. The Pyramids of Ancient Egypt (1990)
Hoyle, Fred. On Stonehenge (1977)
Jashenski, W. The Gardens of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and the Villas Destroyed by Vesuvius (1979)
Kahler, H. The Art of Rome and Her Empire (1962)
Kitto, H. D. F. The Greeks (rev. ed.; 1957)
Kostof, Spiro. “Polis and Akropolis.” The Hellenistic Realm” in A History of Architecture: Settings and Rituals (1995): 137-90.
Krautheimer, Richard. Rome, Profile of a City, 312-1308 (1980)
Kubba, Shamil A. A. Mesopotamian Architecture and Town Planning: From the Mesolithic to the End of the Proto-Historic Period c. 10,000-3,500
B.C. (1987)
Lampl, Paul. Cities and Planning in the Ancient Near East (1968)
Lawrence, A. W. Greek Architecture (rev. ed.; 1983) (Pelican History of Art)
Lesko, Leonard H., ed. Pharaoh’s Workers: The Villagers of Deir el Medina (1994)
Lloyd, Seton. The Archaeology of Mesopotamia (1978)
Lloyd, Seton and H. W. Muller. Ancient Architecture: Mesopotamia, Egypt, Crete, and Greece (1974)
Lopez, Robert S. “The crossroads within the wall,” in The Historian and the City, eds. Oscar Handlin and John Burchard (1963)
Macdonald, William. The Architecture of the Roman Empire (2 vols.; 1965, 1986)
Macdonald, William. The Pantheon (1976)
Mark, Robert, and Paul Hutchinson. “On the structure of the Roman Pantheon.” The Art Bulletin 68.1 (1986): 24-34.
McAuliffe, Martin and Papadopoulos, “Framing Victory: Salamis, the Athenian Acropolis, and the Agora,” JSAH 71, 3 (2012): 333-361
McKay, A. G. Houses, Villas and Palaces of the Roman World (1975)
McMann, Jean. Riddles of the Stone Age: Rock Carvings of Ancient Europe (1980)
Mellaart, J. Earliest Civilizations of the Near East (1965)
Moscati, Sabatino. The Face of the Ancient Orient (1960)
Motz, Lotte. The Faces of the Goddess (1997)
Nims, Charles Francis. Thebes of the Pharaohs (1965)
Norberg-Schulz, Christian. “Roman Architecture,” in Meaning in Western Architecture (New York: Praeger, 1975) 81-115.
Oates, Joan. Babylon (rev. ed.; 1986)
O’Kelly, Michael. Early Ireland: An Introduction to Irish Prehistory (1989)
Onians, John. Bearers of Meaning: The Classical Orders in Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the Renaissance (1988)
Oppenheim, A. Leo. Ancient Mesopotamia (1964)
Ousterhout, Robert. “An Apologia for Byzantine Architecture,” Gesta 35, 1 (1996): 21-33.
Ousterhout, Robert. “Originality in Byzantine Architecture: The Case of Nea Moni,” JSAH 51, 1 (1992): 48-60.
Outsterhout, Robert.“The Church of Santo Stefano: A ‘Jeruslame’ in Bologna,” Gesta 20, 2 (1981): 311-321.
Plommer, W. H. Vitruvius and Later Roman Building Manuals (1973)
Pollitt, Jerome Jordan. “Hellenistic Architecture: Theatricality and Scholarly Forms,” Art in the Hellenistic age (1986)
Preziosi, Donald & Louise A. Hitchcock. Aegean Art and Architecture (1999)
Price, Lorna, Walter William Horn, and Ernest Born. The Plan of St Gall: In Brief (1982)
Ramanna, H. S. Megaliths of South India and South East Asia (1983)
Renfrew, Colin. The Megalithic Monuments of Western Europe (1983)
Richardson, E. The Etruscans (1970)
Romano, James F. Daily Life of the Ancient Egyptian (1990)
Sennett, Richard. Flesh and Stone: The Body and the City in Western Civilization (1994)
Scranton, Robert L. Greek Architecture (1962)
Scully, Vincent. The Earth, the Temple, and the Gods (rev. ed.; 1969)
Shafer, Byron E., ed., Temples of Ancient Egypt (1997)
Siliotti, Alberto. Guide to the Pyramids of Egypt (1997)
Smith, E. Baldwin. Architectural Symbolism of Imperial Rome and the Middle Ages (1956)
Smith, E. Baldwin. Egyptian Architecture as Cultural Expression (1938)
Smith, W. Stevenson. Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt (2d ed.; 1981) (Pelican History of Art)
Snodgrass, Anthony. Archaic Greece (1980)
Stambaugh, John E. The Ancient Roman City (1988)
Starr, C. The Ancient Romans (1971)
Stilwell, R., ed. The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites (1976)
Strouhal, Eugen. Life of the Ancient Egyptians (1992)
Tomlinson, Richard. From Mycenae to Constantinople: The Evolution of the Ancient City (1992)
Tournikiotis, Panayotis “The Place of the Parthenon in the History and Theory of Modern Architecture,” in The Parthenon and its Impact in
Modern Times (1994): 200-29.
Thurman, Judith. “First Impressions: What Does the World’s Oldest Art Say about Us?” NewYorker (June 23, 2008)
Upton, Dell. “Starting from Baalbek,” JSAH 68, 4 (December, 2009) 457-465.
Alberti, ix-xvii; 154-159; 301-313Vermeule, Emily. Greece in the Bronze Age (1964)
Alberti, Leon Battista, and Joseph Rykwert. On the art of building in ten books (1991)
Vitruvius, Vitruvius. Ten Books of Architecture. Trans. Morris Hicky Morgan (1914)
Ward-Perkins, J. B. Roman Imperial Architecture (2d ed; 1981) (Pelican History of Art)
Ward-Perkins, J. B. Cities of Ancient Greece and Italy: Planning in Classical Antiquity (1974)
Ward-Perkins, J. B. Roman Architecture (1977)
Ward-Perkins, J. B. and A. Claridge. Pompeii AD 79 (1978)
Webster, T. B. L. The Art of Greece: the Age of Hellenism (1966)
White, L. Michael. Building God’s House in the Roman World: Architectural Adaptation among Pagans, Jews, and Christians (1990)
Whitehouse, R. The First Cities (1977)
Whittle, Alasdair. Neolithic Europe: A Survey (1985)
Wycherley, R. E. How the Greeks Built Cities (1965)
Wycherley, R. E. The Stones of Athens (1978)
Africa
Abu Lughod, Janet. Cairo: 1001 Years of the City Victorious (1971)
Ahmed, Khidir Abdelkarim. Meroitic Settlement in the Central Sudan: An Analysis of Sites in the Nile Valley and the Western Butana (1984)
Africa in Antiquity: The Arts in Ancient Nubia and the Sudan (1978)
Beach, David N. The Shona and Zimbabwe, 900-1850: An Outline of Shona History (1980)
Behrens-Abouseif, Doris. Islamic Architecture in Cairo: An Introduction (1989)
Burstein, Stanley, ed. Ancient African Civilizations: Kush and Axum (1998)
Chittick, H. Neville. Kilwa: An Islamic Trading City on the East African Coast (1974)
Connah, Graham. African Civilizations; Precolonial Cities and States in Tropical Africa: An Archaeological Perspective (1987)
Davidson, Basil. The Lost Cities of Africa (rev. ed.; 1959, 1970)
Garlake, Peter S. The Early Islamic Architecture of the East African Coast (1966)
Garlake, Peter S. Great Zimbabwe (1973)
Garlake, Peter S. Life in Great Zimbabwe (1982)
Gayre, Robert. Origin of the Zimbabwean Civilization (1973)
Gerster, Georg. Churches in Rock: Early Christian Art in Ethiopia (1970
Hall, Martin. Archaeology Africa(1996)
Hall, Martin. Farmers, Kings, and Traders: The People of Southern Africa 200-1860 (1987)
Haynes, Joyce L. Nubia, Ancient Kingdom of Africa(1992)
Hintze, Fritz & Ursula Hintze. Civilization of the Old Sudan: Kerma, Kush, Christian Nubia (1968
Huffman, Thomas N. Snakes and Crocodiles: Power and Symbolism in Ancient Zimbabwe (1996)
Hull, Richard W. African Cities and Towns Before the European Conquest (1976)
Iliffe, John. Africans: The History of a Continent (1995)
Oliver, Roland & Brian M. Fagan. Africa in the Iron Age c. 500 B.C. to A.D. 1400 (1975)
Russell, Dorothea. Medieval Cairo and the Monasteries of the Wadi Natrun (1962)
Shinnie, Peter L. Meroe, a Civilization of the Sudan (1967)
Trigger, Bruce G. History and Settlement in Lower Nubia (1965)
Wiet, Gaston. Cairo, City of Art and Commerce (1964)
Zakbar, L. V. Apedemak, Lion God of Meroe: A Study in Egyptian-Meroitic Syncretism (1975)
Americas
Andrews, G. F. Maya Cities (1975)
Ashmore, Wendy and Jeremy A. Sabloff, “Spatial Orders in Maya Civic Plans,” Latin American Antiquity 13 (June 2002): 201-215.
Coe, Michael D. The Maya (rev. ed.; 1984)
Coe, Michael D. Mexico (rev. ed.; 1984)
Cordell, Linda S. Prehistory of the Southwest (1984)
Crown, Patricia A. & W. James Judge. Chaco and Hohokam: Prehistoric Regional Systems in the American Southwest (1991)
Dragoo, Don W. Mounds for the Dead: An Analysis of the Adena Culture (1963)
Dye, David H. & Cheryl Anne Cox, eds. Towns and Temples along the Mississippi (1991)
Fash, William L. Scribes, Warriors and Kings: The City of Copan and the Ancient Maya (1991)
John Gerald Fox, “Playing with Power: Ballcourts and Political Ritual in Southern Mesoamerica,” Current Anthropology 37, 3 (June 1996): 483-
509.
Grant, Campbell. Canyon de Chelly, Its People and Rock Art (1978)
Hammond, Norman. Ancient Maya Civilization (1982)
Hardoy, Jorge. Urban Planning in Pre-Columbian America (1969)
Kidder, Alfred V. An Introduction to the Study of Southwestern Archaeology (rev. ed.; 1962)
Kubler, George. The Art and Architecture of Ancient America: The Mexican, Maya and Andean Peoples (3d ed.; 1984)
Lekson, Stephen H. Great Pueblo Architecture of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico (1984
Lister, Robert H. and Florence C. Lister. Chaco Canyon (1981)
Manzanilla, Linda. “Corporate groups and domestic activities at Teotihuacan.” Latin American Antiquity (1996): 228-246.
Miller, Arthur G. Maya Rulers of Time: a Study of Architectural Sculpture at Tikal, Guatemala, Los Soberanos Mayas del Tiempo: Un Estudio de
la Escultura Arquitectonica de Tikal, Guatemala (1986)
Millon, Rene. Urbanization at Teotihuacan, Mexico (1973)
Morgan, William. Prehistoric American Architecture in the Eastern United States (1980)
Noble, David Grant, ed. New Light on Chaco Canyon (1984)
Pauketat, Timothy R. Cahokia: Ancient America’s Great City on the Mississippi (2009).
Plog, Stephen. Ancient Peoples of the American Southwest (1997)
Sabloff, Jeremy A. The Cities of Ancient Mexico: Reconstructing a Lost World (1989)
Schele, Linda & David Freidel. A Forest of Kings: The Untold Story of the Ancient May (1990)
Schele, Linda & Mary A. Miller. The Blood of Kings: Dynasty and Ritual in Maya Art (1986)
Silverberg, Robert. Mound Builders of Ancient America (1970)
Smith, Michael. “Did the Maya Build Architectural Cosmograms?” Latin American Antiquity 16 (2005): 217-224.
Šprajc, Ivan. “More on Mesoamerican cosmology and city plans.” Latin American Antiquity (2005): 209-216.
Sugiyama, “Worldview Materialized in Teotihuacan, Mexico,” Latin American Antiquity 4, 2 (1993): 103-129.
Weaver, Muriel Porter. The Aztecs, Mayas, and Their Predecessors (1972)
Asia
Adams, Edward B. Korea’s Golden Age: Cultural Spirit of Silla in Kyongju (rev. ed.; 1991)
Alex, William. Japanese Architecture (1963)
Aveni, Anthony. “Apocalypse Soon?” Archaeology 62.6 (2009): 30-35
Aveni, Anthony F. “Archaeoastronomy in the ancient Americas.” Journal of Archaeological Research 11.2 (2003): 149-191
Aveni, Anthony, and Horst Hartung. “Maya city planning and the calendar.” Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (1986): 1-87
Aveni, Anthony F., Susan Milbrath, and Carlos Peraza Lope. “Chichén Itzá’s legacy in the astronomically oriented architecture of Mayapán.”
Res: Anthropology and Aesthetics (2004): 123-143
Aveni, Anthony F., Anne S. Dowd, and Benjamin Vining. “Maya calendar reform? Evidence from orientations of specialized architectural
assemblages.” Latin American Antiquity (2003): 159-178
Bernet Kempers, A. J. Ageless Borobudur (1976)
Blair, Sheila S. & Jonathan M. Bloom. The Art and Architecture of Islam, 1250-1800 (1994)
Blaser, Werner. Courtyard House in China (1979)
Blurton, T. Richard. Hindu Art (1993)
Boyd, Andrew. Chinese Architecture and Town Planning, 1500BC-AD1911 (1962)
Briggs, L. P. The Ancient Khmer Empire (1951)
Brown, Percy. Indian Architecture (Buddhist and Hindu Periods) (5th ed.; 1965)
Chang, K. C. The Archaeology of Ancient China (4th ed.; 1986)
Chang, K. C. Early Chinese Civilization: Anthropological Perspectives (1976)
Chang, K. C. Shang Civilization (1980)
Chinese Academy of Architecture. Ancient Chinese Architecture (1982)
Clunas, Craig. Art in China (1997)
Coaldrake, William H. Architecture and Authority in Japan (1996)
Coe, Michael D. Angkor and the Khmer civilization (2003)
Coèdes, George. Angkor (1963)
Craven, Roy C. A Concise History of Indian Art (1975)
Creswell, K. A. C. A Short Account of Early Muslim Architecture (1958)
Dumarcay, Jacques. Borobudur (1978)
Eitel, Ernest. Feng Shui: The Science of Sacred Landscape in Old China (1873)
Engel, H. The Japanese House (1964)
Ettinghausen, Richard and Oleg Grabar. The Art and Architecture of Islam: 650-1250 (1987) (Pelican History of Art)
Fisher, Robert E. Buddhist Art and Architecture (1993)
Frederic, L. The Art of Southeast Asia: Temples and Sculpture (1965)
Frykenberg, R. E., ed. Delhi through the Ages: Essays in Urban History, Culture, and Society (1988
Gernet, Jacques. A History of Chinese Civilization (1982)
Griswold, Alexander B. Chewon Kim and Peter H. Pott. The Art of Burma, Korea, Tibet (rev. ed.; 1968)
Groslier, B. P. Angkor, Hommes et Pierres(1968)
Groslier, B. P. and J. Arthaud. Angkor, Art and Civilization (1966)
Grover, Satish. The Architecture of India: Buddhist and Hindu(1980)
Grover, Satish. The Architecture of India: Islamic (727-1707AD) (1981)
Hardy, Adam. Indian Temple Architecture: Form and Transformation, the Karnata Darvida Tradition, 7th to 13th Centuries (1995)
Harle, J. C. The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent (1986) (Pelican History of Art)
Hashimoto, Fumio. Architecture in the Shoin Style: Japanese Feudal Residences (1981)
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