Morality in the Modern World Crime and Punishment

Marks Code

Reminder: Topic 1 is for candidates who have studied Crime and Punishment in the Morality in the Modern World Unit. Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. You should use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What is meant by “respect of persons” in Kantian Ethics? (b) Describe Utilitarian ethics. (c) What is meant by reformation? (d) Explain Utilitarian views on the purposes of punishment. 2. (a) What is meant by economic causes of crime? (b) “Economic factors are no excuse for committing crimes.” Explain how this view can be justified. 6 AE 3 KU 4 KU 3 KU 4 AE 4 KU

3. (a) Describe two religious responses to the issue of abolishing the death penalty. (b) To what extent do you agree with these religious responses?

6 KU 10 AE (40)

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Topic 2 – Gender

Marks Code

Reminder: Topic 2 is for candidates who have studied Gender in the Morality in the Modern World Unit. Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. You should use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What is meant by “respect of persons” in Kantian Ethics? (b) Describe Utilitarian ethics. 3 KU 4 KU 3 KU 4 AE 4 KU

(c) What is the role of the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) in relation to gender issues? (d) Explain Utilitarian views on gender issues in the UK. 2. (a) What is meant by the empowerment of women?

(b) “In the UK the empowerment of men is just as important as the empowerment of women.” Explain how this view can be justified. 6 AE

3. (a) Describe two religious responses to the issue of violence against women in the developing world. (b) To what extent do you agree with these religious responses?

6 KU 10 AE (40)

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Topic 3 – Global Issues

Marks Code

Reminder: Topic 3 is for candidates who have studied Global Issues in the Morality in the Modern World Unit. Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. You should use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What is meant by “respect of persons” in Kantian Ethics? (b) Describe Utilitarian ethics. (c) What are the causes of poverty? 3 KU 4 KU 3 KU 4 AE 4 KU

(d) Explain Utilitarian views on the global distribution of wealth and resources. 2. (a) What is meant by “aid”? (b) “Conditions should be attached to all aid given to poor countries.” Explain how this view can be justified.

6 AE

3. (a) Describe two religious responses to the issue of stewardship of the environment. (b) To what extent do you agree with these religious responses?

6 KU 10 AE (40)

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Topic 4 – Medical Ethics Reminder: Topic 4 is for candidates who have studied Medical Ethics in the Morality in the Modern World Unit.

Marks Code

Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. You should use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What is meant by “respect of persons” in Kantian Ethics? (b) Describe Utilitarian ethics. (c) In what situations has voluntary euthanasia been used? (d) Explain Utilitarian views on euthanasia. 2. (a) What is involved in embryonic stem cell research? (b) “Embryonic stem cell research is a necessary evil.” Explain how this view can be justified. 6 AE 3 KU 4 KU 3 KU 4 AE 4 KU

3. (a) Describe two religious responses to the issue of non-voluntary euthanasia. (b) To what extent do you agree with these religious responses?

6 KU 10 AE (40)

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Topic 5 – War and Peace Reminder: Topic 5 is for candidates who have studied War and Peace in the Morality in the Modern World Unit.

Marks Code

Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. You should use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What is meant by “respect of persons” in Kantian Ethics? (b) Describe Utilitarian ethics. (c) In what ways do countries respond to aggression? (d) Explain Utilitarian responses to war. 2. (a) What is meant by chemical weapons? (b) “Chemical weapons should have a place in modern warfare.” Explain how this view can be justified. 6 AE 3 KU 4 KU 3 KU 4 AE 4 KU

3. (a) Describe two religious responses to the issue of using conventional weapons. (b) To what extent do you agree with these religious responses?

6 KU 10 AE (40)

[END OF SECTION 1]

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SECTION 2 Christianity: Belief and Science Reminder: This section should be answered by all candidates.

Marks Code

Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. You should use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What methods do scientists use to make sense of reality? (b) Explain two limitations of these methods. 2. (a) Describe how science explains the origin of the universe. 4 KU 4 AE 4 KU 4 KU 6 AE

(b) Give two reasons why some Christians accept the scientific view of the origin of the universe. (c) Explain why some Christians might challenge these two reasons.

3. (a) What evidence do literalist Christians use to support belief that God created humans? (b) What evidence do scientists use to support evolutionary theory? (c) “Evolution alone is not enough to explain the origin of human life.” How far do you agree?

4 KU 4 KU

10 AE (40)

[END OF SECTION 2]

[END OF QUESTION PAPER]

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[BLANK PAGE]

X265/12/02
NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS 2013 monda y , 3 j une 3.05 PM – 4.00 PM

RELIGIOUS, MORAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES
HIGHER
Paper 2

You should answer either Section 1: or Section 2: or Section 3: or Section 4: or Section 5: or Section 6: Sikhism Judaism Islam Hinduism Christianity Buddhism

The skills of knowledge and understanding (KU) and analysis and evaluation (AE) are being assessed in this paper. When answering each question you should note the number of marks allocated to each skill as indicated after each part of the question.

SA X265/12/02 6/7610

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Section 1 – Buddhism

Marks Code

Reminder: You should choose this section if you have studied Buddhism in the World Religion Unit. Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. Use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What do Buddhists understand by skilful actions? (b) Describe Buddhist meditation. 4 KU 4 KU 4 AE 3 KU 3 KU 6 AE 6 KU 10 AE (40)

(c) How important is Buddhist meditation as a means of developing skilful actions? 2. (a) Describe Buddhist beliefs about the Three Root Poisons. (b) What do Buddhists believe about Samsara?

(c) Explain the challenges belief in the Three Root Poisons and Samsara present to Buddhists. 3. (a) Describe the dhamma. (b) Why might Buddhists believe that the dhamma is still relevant today?

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Section 2 – Christianity Reminder: You should choose this section if you have studied Christianity in the World Religion Unit.

Marks Code

Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. Use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What do Christians mean by developing a relationship with God? (b) What do Christians understand by the Christian Community? 4 KU 4 KU 4 AE 3 KU 3 KU 6 AE 6 KU 10 AE (40)

(c) How important is the Christian Community in developing a relationship with God? 2. (a) Describe what Christians believe about sin. (b) What do Christians believe about the nature of God?

(c) Explain the challenges beliefs about sin and the nature of God present to Christians. 3. (a) Describe the suffering and death of Jesus.

(b) Why might Christians believe that the suffering and death of Jesus is still relevant today?

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Section 3 – Hinduism

Marks Code

Reminder: You should choose this section if you have studied Hinduism in the World Religion Unit. Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. Use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) Describe Hindu beliefs about moksha. (b) What do Hindus understand by the term detachment? (c) How important is detachment for achieving moksha? 2. (a) Describe what Hindus understand by maya. (b) What do Hindus believe about avidya? 4 KU 4 KU 4 AE 3 KU 3 KU 6 AE 6 KU 10 AE (40)

(c) Explain the challenges beliefs about maya and avidya present to Hindus. 3. (a) In what ways do Hindus practise bhakti marga? (b) Why might Hindus believe that bhakti marga is still relevant today?

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Section 4 – Islam

Marks Code

Reminder: You should choose this section if you have studied Islam in the World Religion Unit. Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. Use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) In what ways do Muslims describe Paradise? (b) What is the Sunnah? 4 KU 4 KU 4 AE 3 KU 3 KU 6 AE 6 KU 10 AE (40)

(c) How important is following the Sunnah for Muslims to secure the reward of Paradise? 2. (a) Describe what Muslims believe about the nature of human beings. (b) What do Muslims believe about predestination?

(c) Explain the challenges beliefs about the nature of human beings and predestination present to Muslims. 3. (a) What is involved in observing Salah? (b) Why might Muslims believe that Salah is still relevant today?

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Section 5 – Judaism

Marks Code

Reminder: You should choose this section if you have studied Judaism in the World Religion Unit. Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. Use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What do Jews understand by the Messianic Age? (b) What do Jews understand by the Ten Commandments? 4 KU 4 KU 4 AE 3 KU 3 KU 6 AE 6 KU 10 AE (40)

(c) How important are the Ten Commandments in bringing about the Messianic Age? 2. (a) Describe Jewish beliefs about suffering. (b) What do Jews believe about the nature of God?

(c) Explain the challenges beliefs about suffering and the nature of God present to Jews. 3. (a) In what ways do Jews observe Shabbat? (b) Why might Jews believe that Shabbat is still relevant today?

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Section 6 – Sikhism

Marks Code

Reminder: You should choose this section if you have studied Sikhism in the World Religion Unit. Instructions: Answer all the questions. The marks available for each question are indicated. Use these as a guide to the amount of detail you should include in your answer. 1. (a) What do Sikhs understand by jivan mukhti? (b) Describe Sikh beliefs about equality. 4 KU 4 KU 4 AE 3 KU 3 KU 6 AE 6 KU 10 AE (40) [END OF QUESTION PAPER]

(c) How important are beliefs about equality in bringing Sikhs closer to jivan mukhti? 2. (a) Describe what Sikhs believe about maya. (b) What do Sikhs believe about haumai? (c) Explain the challenges beliefs about maya and haumai present to Sikhs. 3. (a) What obligations do Sikhs have as members of the Khalsa? (b) Why might Sikhs believe that the Khalsa is still relevant today?

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