+1 862 207 3288 Report instructions
Your major landscape ecology project uses new skills in data collection and analysis that you will learn in
the practical sessions. You will learn how to perform a sophisticated occupancy and detection analysis
using the computer program R. You will learn how to create spatial covariates in GIS software ARCmap; a
critical tool for enabling you to ask landscape-scale questions. You will also learn how to identify birds and
conduct bird surveys. This exciting project gives you the suite of tools and skills that you will need to
understand landscape concepts, and to put those concepts into practice in real-world case studies.
Key Dates
Week 2 Prac 1. Analysis training in R. Learn how to do these analysis now because you have to do it on
your own for real in Prac 4!
Week 3 Prac 2. Bird identification training and field site allocation (10 sites/person)
24th March. Week 3. Begin field surveys.
Week 4 Prac 3. Create spatial variables for your sites using GIS software
2nd April. Mid-day (12pm). All your data must be loaded to the shared file and all your surveys
submitted to Birdata by midday on Sunday 2nd April. Data will be extracted at midday on Sunday to
prepare for pracs on Monday 3rd April. No extensions possible as data must be prepared for analysis.
Week 5. Prac 4. Analysis of your field data.
4th May, 12pm mid-day. Week 8, Full draft of your report submitted. Reports submitted after this date will
not undergo peer-review or be eligible for a second submission, losing 8.5 marks out of 35. Submit your
reports to
10th May, 12pm mid-day, Week 9. All comments on other people’s projects must be submitted.
17th May, 12pm mid-day, Week 10. Final draft with comments and track changes submitted.
Which sites to go to?
There are 24 groups of sites, with each group having five sites. Your job is to survey all five sites in two of
the groups. You have been allocated to specific groups for the survey. The sites are grouped to be close to
each other so that it will be possible to do all five sites in a group in one morning.
Step 1. Find the “students allocated to survey groups of sites.xlsx” excel file. Find your name or username,
and read across to see the two groups you have been allocated
Step 2. Download the KMZ files for those two groups of sites. Find these under Resources > Bird
Occupancy and Detection Major Project > Bird Survey Groups of Sites KMZ files. The files are named, for
example for group 12 Bird_Points_120_12. So use the last number in the file name to find the right groups
for you.
Step 3. See How to use your KMZ file to get to your sites below.
AMAZING OPPORTUNITY!!! Note that due to a slight mismatch in sites and student numbers, groups 1,
2, 3, 4, 21, 22, 23, and 24 are only scheduled for nine surveys. If you are enjoying your bird surveys and
want to do some extra groups of sites, please contact me and you will be able to survey some of these
additional groups.
How to get to your sites?
Go to this web page for instructions on how to create a map.
https://support.google.com/mymaps/answer/3024836?hl=en
In a nutshell, you upload your two KMZ files into your MyMaps (part of google maps), and the points will
then appear in Google Maps. Use your smart-phone with google maps to navigate to the point. Start your
survey exactly on the point (except where that might endanger your life).
Step by step instructions that worked for me:
Open google MyMaps
https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/
click menu (three lines on top left)
select create a new map
Rename the layer (eg. Bird Group 1)
click import
Drag the correct kml file (eg. for bird group 1 drag Bird_Points_120_1.kmz)
That’s it!
Then when you want to go to these sites
Open google maps
Click menu in top left
Select Your Places
Select Maps tab
click SEE ALL YOUR MAPS
Your map should appear; click on it.
Click on the site you want to go to first
In the bottom left of that box is the ‘directions to here’ button!!
Indicate where you are starting from in the A box and your route is drawn on the map. How cool is that!
Field Surveys
In a nutshell:
Complete surveys at the 10 sites you were allocated, between 24 March and 2nd April
Submit bird surveys using the birdata app; include name in comments section
Complete the site and survey covariates spreadsheet at the same time as each survey
Submit your site and covariate data as a CSV file in the appropriate assignment folder before midday
12pm 2nd April.
Students visit allocated sites between 24 March and 2nd April (make your own travel arrangements; walk,
bike, public transport, car (ok, car is definitely going to be best)). All data must be loaded up by Mid-day
12pm on Sunday 2nd April.
We will be collecting data that will be used by Birdlife and other organisations to understand risks to
Melbourne’s bird community. It is really important that everyone does their absolute best to ensure the data
we collect in the field is of the upmost integrity. If for any reason you cannot provide quality data, DO NOT
MAKE UP THE DATA. If for whatever reason you did not go to your designated sites to survey birds,
please submit no data (data submission is worth 3.5% of your overall mark).
Survey protocols. Your tutor for prac 2 in week 3 will be Kerryn Herman from BirdLife Australia. She will
teach you how to implement the 20 minute 2 ha active bird survey and to enter data in the birdata app
(http://birdata.birdlife.org.au/).
Your survey must be completely independent of anyone else also surveying that site. If your visit happens to
coincide with someone else, wait until they finish before you start. Never walk together with someone else
because your survey will not be independent.
When you submit your survey using the app, YOU MUST INCLUDE YOUR NAME IN THE
COMMENTS SECTION. If you don’t include your name, you cannot be allocated marks for
collecting the data. Do not include any other comments there. It is critical that you enter the correct site
name in each survey before submitting to birdata.
If, for any reason, you cannot use the app (eg, you dropped your phone in the river while looking through
binoculars), always have a notebook, your bird ID sheets from the prac, and a watch so that you can
complete your 20 minute survey and record the birds you saw. Transfer your paper-survey to an on-line
survey when you get home.
If you see birds other than the species targeted in the prac and you can identify them, please add them to
your survey. Record all birds that you can identify.
In addition to the bird data, you will need to collect environmental data. You need to download the
spreadsheet from CloudDeakin under Resources > Bird Occupancy and Detection Major Project > site and
survey covariates data entry sheet.xls. For each variable in the spreadsheet you need to estimate appropriate
values for each response. Do not change the spreadsheet headings or columns, just add your results. These
data need to be uploaded to the appropriate assignment page as a comma-delimited text file (.csv). That is,
you must save the data page of your excel file in the .csv format before you upload the results. Details of
what to collect are described on the instructions tab of the spreadsheet.
Surveying the right area. Use google maps or other tool to get to the survey point. We want everyone to
survey the same place, so it is important that you go to the designated point to begin. If the area is mostly
forested, survey a circular area that is approximately 80m in diameter, which is approximately 2ha. Most
sites have linear vegetation: see below. If the site has massive walls of near-impenetrable vegetation you
should make sure you are surveying within the 2ha area, but you might choose not to go the exact point.
However, for all sites, you will need to be walking off designated tracks to cover the 2ha area.
Many sites have linear vegetation. You should survey in the linear vegetation rather than the adjacent
oval/open spaces (don’t stick to a circular area if the vegetation is not in the circle). Adjust the length of
linear vegetation you search based on the width of the vegetation to ensure your area remains at 2 hectares,
with the gps point in the middle. There are 10,000m2 in one ha, so you want to survey 20,000 m2. For
example, if your linear vegetation is approximately 30m wide you will need to survey the linear vegetation
for 20,000/30 = 667m.
A few sites have very few trees. In those cases, survey the areas with trees but include open areas as well to
make up the 2ha.
ANALYSIS AND WRITE UP
Select a species and do the analysis
Select a species from the group data set to analyse.
The species MUST have been observed on between 25% and 75% of sites. DO NOT use species
that occurred on less than 25% or more than 75% of sites because you need enough data in both the
present and absent categories for your analysis to be meaningful.
If your species is potentially an invasive or expanding species, your introduction will need to be
tailored to include ideas about urbanization promoting undesirable species. If your species is a
native species, your introduction should focus on the risk of decline of native species. This is
particularly relevant to the second paragraph.
Analysis will be completed in Prac 4, week 5.
Write up.
You are provided with a strict structure for your report. This reflects the kind of structure (and in some
cases, word limits) that are encouraged by leading international scientific journals.
There are very strict word counts that must be adhered to in both the draft and final versions of your report.
There are three phases to the write up
1. Complete draft (23/35 marks)
1. Comment on drafts written by your peers (2.5 marks)
2. Update your first draft based on peer comments and submit for assessment. (6 marks)
Phase 1. Complete Draft
Each paragraph, except the results and conclusions, must refer to the scientific literature, putting your work
into an international context as appropriate. Find appropriate references using the data-bases Web of
Science (nice consistent flow of citations into endnote), and/or Google-scholar (less consistent flow into
endnote, but ok).
ONLY peer-reviewed journal articles can be cited (no web citations or grey literature allowed).
You must use EndNote or similar software to organize your references.
The report must be a Microsoft Word document and must be submitted on CloudDeakin for assessment.
WORD LIMITS. Each numbered section has the word limits for that section in (). Longer paragraphs will
not be marked (score of zero).
The report MUST be structured as shown below. Each numbered point refers to a separate paragraph (except
6 which are the graphs of results).
REPORT STRUCTURE
Introduction
1. (Less than 100 words) The big problem. Urbanisation impacts on wildlife. Global perspective. This
provides readers with broadest context of why your research is very important.
2. (less than 150 words) Why changes associated with urban development impacts on wildlife. This goes
into additional detail to explain the mechanisms through which urbanization cause environmental problems;
how it reduces biodiversity and/or how it promotes exotic species.
3. (less than 100 words) How the general problems in the paragraph 1 and 2 are relevant to your study
species in greater Melbourne.
4. (less than 100 words) The specific aims/questions/hypotheses (however you want to frame it) of this
study. There should be three of these, the first about landscape properties (e.g. road cover within 1km), the
second about patch-level properties (e.g. percentage weed cover, vegetation type), the third about
interactions of landscape and patch-level properties (e.g. does the effect of road cover depend on the
percentage weed cover?).
Methods.
5. (less than 150 words) Field survey methods: in your own words.
6. (less than 150 words) Describe your analysis, which should be an adaptation of Prac 1. Your analysis for
this project will be completed during Prac 4. An additional table or appendix may be used if many different
models need to be documented.
Results.
7. Graph significant relationships and present plots as numbered figures. Present only those figures related
to your three aims and that you will discuss as either the first, second or third most important finding. Given
strict word limits, you might not be able to include everything. Each graph should have a caption that
enables readers to fully understand the graph without referring to the text. Captions must not exceed 30
words each.
8. (less than 150 words) Write very brief text to describe the key patterns in each plot, referring to the
appropriate figure. The idea is to draw the reader’s attention to the most important trend in each graph.
Discussion
9. (less than 75 words) Overview paragraph: were landscape variables, patch variables, or interactions most
important? And therefore, what is the likely importance of your discovery (a taster sentence highlighting the
main point of the discussion to come).
10. (less than 150 words) Discuss the most important finding in the context of the international literature.
You could: reiterate discovery, explain what it means and how that discovery sheds light on, or is informed
by, the international literature about factors influencing birds in urban landscapes.
11. (less than 150 words) Discuss the second most important finding in the context of the international
literature. You could: reiterate discovery, explain what it means and how that discovery sheds light on, or is
informed by, the international literature about factors influencing birds in urban landscapes.
12. (less than 150 words) Discuss the third most important finding in the context of the international
literature. You could: reiterate discovery, explain what it means and how that discovery sheds light on, or is
informed by, the international literature about factors influencing birds in urban landscapes. (if there is no
third most important finding that warrants discussion, you may add a paragraph after paragraph 10 to expand
on the most-important finding.)
13. (less than 75 words) Conclusion. References can be used in the conclusions, but may not always be
needed.
14. References (not included in word count, use Endnote to produce your bibliography).
Submit your report to the assessments folder Bird detection and occupancy Groups for commenting
on Draft. These groups include three people: you will comment on the two other reports in your
group.
Phase 2. Comments
Your draft will be read by the other two members of your group (students are randomly assigned to
groups)
You will read the two other reports in your group and provide comments on both.
Feedback consists of constructive comments and is given in the margins as comments. Provide
feedback on sentences or paragraphs that are poorly constructed, content that could be changed to
strengthen an argument, statements that could be better supported by citations to the literature etc.
Comments should be long enough to explain the problem and suggest solutions, but must also be as
brief as possible. 10-20 words will typically be enough for a simple problem. 75 words is the upper
limit.
Comments must be added in a way that includes your name (find out how to do this here
https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Change-the-author-name-for-review-comments-cdd4b8acfbca-438d-a5b5-a99fb1c750e3), otherwise you will not get any marks for your comments.
Comments cannot be submitted anonymously; all comments must be polite and professional (even if
you are close friends with the author).
If a paragraph is perfect already, the comment may indicate that it is perfect, and explain why. Note
that if the paragraph has flaws that are obvious, a comment that a paragraph is perfect will not score
highly.
The number of comments you provide will depend on the project you are reviewing: a perfect project
report will only need one comment per paragraph to explain why it is perfect. Realistically, more
comments than that will be required.
Submit the reports that you have reviewed and which include your comments to the same
group folder that you share with two other students: Bird detection and occupancy Groups for
commenting on Draft.
Phase 3. Final version
Respond to comments in the way shown connected to this paragraph using MS Word’s in-built
comment facility.
If a comment will make the text worse in the view of the author of that paragraph, the author must
explain why they have not made the suggested change in responding to the comment.
Commented [DD1]: Use MS Word’s comment tool to add
your feedback. Be as succinct as possible. No extra marks for
long essays in comments.
Commented [DD2]: The comment tool can be found on the
insert tab.
Commented [DD3R2]: you can respond to a comment
using that little box in the top right corner of this box.
Commented [DD4R2]: But make sure your name appears
associated with each comment. You need your full name here
so that you can be allocated marks for your comments and
responses. In this case, whoever did this comment would be
allocated zero marks because they haven’t shown their full
name.
If a comment makes a good point, you may alter your original text to improve the report. Track
Changes MUST be turned on when you make changes to the text.
You can make other changes to the text using track-changes in addition to changes in response to
suggestions provided in comments.
DO NOT SUBMIT THIS BACK TO THE GROUP FOLDER. Submit your final version into the
assessments folder Bird Detection and Occupancy Final Report.
ASSESSMENT
Total Marks for bird occupancy project 35
Major categories that marks are allocated to Marks
Data of adequate quality submitted on time 3.5
Complete Draft 23.0
Constructive comments provided 2.5
Submitted final draft with comments responded to appropriately 6
Allocation of marks to components of your complete draft, prior to the comments phase
topic and task of each paragraph/section
total
marks for
this
section
Introduction
1 Urbanisation as a threat to biodiversity 1.5
2 Mechanisms of impact on wildlife 2
3 Relevance of 1 and 2 to birds in Melbourne 1.5
4 Aims 1
Methods.
5 Field survey methods: in your own words. 1
6 Describe your analysis 3
Results.
7 Graph significant relationships and present plots as numbered figures. 4.5
8 Describe the key patterns in each plot, referring to the appropriate figure. 1
Discussion
9 Overview: were landscape variables, patch variables, or interactions most
important?.
1.5
10 Most important finding. 1.5
11 Second most important finding 1.5
12 Third most important finding 1.5
13 Conclusion. 1
14 References 0.5
Plagiarism. If there is strong evidence of copying in any section, 0 marks will be allocated to that section.
Word Count. If a section exceeds the designated word count, 0 marks will be allocated to that section
Late Reports. Draft reports submitted after the deadline will not be eligible for review by the two other
group members, or for submitting a final draft. Late reports will therefore not be assessed for 8.5 marks out
of 35 (24%).
Using References. 3-6 references to peer-reviewed literature will be needed in most paragraphs to justify
your arguments. You will be assessed on the number of references, their relevance and appropriate use.
Paragraph and sentence structure. You will be assessed on clarity of writing. Is there a clear topic
sentence in each paragraph of intro and discussion, is the argument logically developed through the
paragraph (e.g. no non-sequiturs), are sentences concise, to the point, and clear?
Paragraph content. Each paragraph or section (numbered 1-14 in report description above) has been
allocated a task in your overall story. You will be assessed on how well each section performs its allocated
task.
Methods. You will be assessed on whether you have described your methods correctly, demonstrating an
understanding of techniques and analyses used.
Results. Presenting your results demonstrates that you have completed the analysis correctly. You will be
assessed on whether the analysis was completed (occupancy and detection analysis with appropriate
covariates), and on the legibility of the graphs. Are the graphs and captions adequate? Have only those
graphs needed to address the aims been shown? Is the text a legible size? Is the graph understandable from
reading the caption alone?
site_number site_name forest_type site_type pc_exoticcanopy tot_road_lengths_meters tot_native_wood_area_meters time.1 time.2 time.3 time.4 time.5 time.6 time.7 time.8 weather.1 weather.2 weather.3 weather.4 weather.5 weather.6 weather.7 weather.8 wind.1 wind.2 wind.3 wind.4 wind.5 wind.6 wind.7 wind.8 brown.thornbill.1 brown.thornbill.2 brown.thornbill.3 brown.thornbill.4 brown.thornbill.5 brown.thornbill.6 brown.thornbill.7 brown.thornbill.8 pied.currawong.1 pied.currawong.2 pied.currawong.3 pied.currawong.4 pied.currawong.5 pied.currawong.6 pied.currawong.7 pied.currawong.8 eastern.yellow.robin.1 eastern.yellow.robin.2 eastern.yellow.robin.3 eastern.yellow.robin.4 eastern.yellow.robin.5 eastern.yellow.robin.6 eastern.yellow.robin.7 eastern.yellow.robin.8
1 A Wilkie Nature Reserve modified park 20.83333333 94 81 580 560 645 615 527 NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud sun cloud NA NA NA light light moderate light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA NA
2 Belgrave Recreation Reserve modified park 13.33333333 79 33 625 616 550 612 250 629 NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
3 Black Rock Beach Foreshore Reserve coastal natural 8.25 19 34 625 616 550 612 250 629 NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
4 Blackburn Lake Sanctuary riparian natural 8 91 56 690 475 540 670 570 640 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
5 Blair Reserve dry park 10 96 5 690 475 540 670 570 640 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
6 Blind Creek Linear Reserve riparian natural 4.166666667 82 17 690 475 540 670 570 640 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
7 Braeside Park modified natural 16.66666667 33 31 690 475 540 670 570 640 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
8 Brighton Beach Foreshore Reserve coastal natural 7.5 45 29 690 475 540 670 570 640 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
9 Bulleen Park dry park 11.66666667 52 6 690 475 540 670 570 640 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
10 Burke Road South Reserve riparian park 10 117 67 690 475 540 670 570 640 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
11 Burnley Park dry park 12.14285714 119 70 690 475 540 670 570 640 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
12 Caribbean Gardens riparian park 7.5 15 82 510 515 531 705 581 630 NA NA rain cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA light moderate light strong strong moderate NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
13 Cherry Hill Way Reserve dry natural 12.5 74 16 510 515 531 705 581 630 NA NA rain cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA light moderate light strong strong moderate NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
14 Community Gardens & Reta Matthews Reserve dry natural 2.142857143 95 88 510 515 531 705 581 630 NA NA rain cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA light moderate light strong strong moderate NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
15 Conners Road Reserve dry natural 2 14 59 560 639 654 418 690 NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light moderate NA NA NA 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
16 Cootamundra Walk dry natural 7 103 44 520 705 538 690 NA NA NA NA sun cloud sun sun NA NA NA NA light light moderate light NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
17 Corhanwarrabul Creek Linear Reserve riparian restoration 8 37 45 520 705 538 690 NA NA NA NA sun cloud sun sun NA NA NA NA light light moderate light NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
18 Currawong Bush Park dry natural 6.666666667 41 3 660 597 390 613 551 629 NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA
19 Damper Creek Reserve riparian natural 12.14285714 110 10 735 640 591 555 660 497 NA NA sun cloud sun rain cloud sun NA NA light light light moderate light strong NA NA 0 1 1 0 0 0 NA NA 1 1 1 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
20 Dandenong Creek Linear Reserve_1 riparian restoration 9.444444444 112 99 640 470 436 730 772 495 630 NA sun cloud cloud cloud rain cloud sun NA light light light light light light light NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA
21 Dandenong Creek Linear Reserve_2 riparian park 18.75 54 13 507 435 726 690 NA NA NA NA cloud cloud sun cloud NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 1 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
22 Dandenong Creek Open Space riparian natural 11 38 72 717 504 519 505 NA NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud rain NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
23 Dandenong Police Paddocks Reserve dry natural 7.5 4 97 510 772 688 570 710 525 539 NA cloud sun cloud cloud cloud rain cloud NA moderate light strong light moderate light moderate NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA
24 Dandenong Ranges National Park_1 dry natural 9.166666667 30 47 435 575 660 525 718 568 NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
25 Dandenong Ranges National Park_2 dry natural 2.5 29 46 516 667 620 585 609 594 NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 1 0 0 1 1 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA
28 Darebin Creek Forest Park modified natural 6.666666667 93 50 590 549 626 NA NA NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA NA NA light light moderate NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
29 Darebin Creek Linear Bike Path modified park 15 98 71 590 549 626 NA NA NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA NA NA light light moderate NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
30 Darebin Creek Linear Reserve dry park 10 81 97 590 549 626 NA NA NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA NA NA light light moderate NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
31 Deep Creek Reserve dry natural 7.166666667 51 79 570 547 420 648 579 NA NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
32 Diamond Creek Linear Reserve_1 riparian natural 6.428571429 59 12 570 547 420 648 579 NA NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
33 Diamond Creek Linear Reserve_2 riparian natural 4 31 83 570 547 420 648 579 NA NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
34 Donald MacDonald Reserve dry restoration 4.444444444 78 19 705 655 635 597 555 635 648 720 rain sun sun sun sun rain cloud rain light moderate light light light light moderate moderate 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 Dorset Recreation Reserve modified park 11.42857143 34 7 705 655 635 597 555 635 648 720 rain sun sun sun sun rain cloud rain light moderate light light light light moderate moderate 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
36 Eastfield Park modified park 16.25 86 101 616 536 569 587 786 663 485 667 rain cloud cloud cloud sun cloud cloud cloud light moderate light light light moderate light light 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37 Edmund Rice Centre Amberley dry natural 13.75 2 28 525 539 477 494 483 NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
38 Elwood Beach Foreshore Reserve coastal restoration 8.333333333 40 84 525 539 477 494 483 NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
39 Esther Park modified park 17 104 8 525 539 477 494 483 NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
40 Ferny Creek Linear Reserve wet natural 8.75 17 1 430 615 408 755 NA NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 NA NA NA NA
42 Gardiners Creek Reserve riparian natural 13 99 77 712 808 658 699 503 541 NA NA sun rain sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light strong NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 1 1 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
43 Gardiners Reserve riparian natural 18 106 53 659 669 471 522 333 577 NA NA sun cloud sun cloud cloud cloud NA NA light light light moderate light strong NA NA 0 1 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 1 0 1 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
44 Glenauburn Park modified park 7.142857143 62 49 480 540 685 490 507 NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud sun NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
45 Griffith Park riparian natural 10 13 20 600 454 600 470 435 641 NA NA cloud rain sun cloud sun sun NA NA moderate light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
46 H E Parker Reserve damp natural 2.5 76 63 600 454 600 470 435 641 NA NA cloud rain sun cloud sun sun NA NA moderate light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
47 Highbury Park dry restoration 22 113 61 776 706 425 646 690 654 NA NA sun rain sun cloud cloud sun NA NA light moderate light moderate light strong NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
48 Hinkler Reserve dry park 12.5 114 52 629 706 508 785 677 NA NA NA sun sun cloud rain rain NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
49 Hurstbridge Park dry natural 5.833333333 35 57 661 534 657 620 510 636 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud rain sun NA NA light light moderate moderate light moderate NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
50 Jells Park riparian park 7.5 27 35 709 570 690 600 818 629 NA NA cloud sun sun sun rain cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 1 1 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
51 Jubilee Drive Reserve damp park 6.666666667 68 51 595 774 590 435 730 685 NA NA cloud rain cloud cloud cloud sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA
52 Kalinda Modified Urban Forest modified park 8.75 88 91 595 774 590 435 730 685 NA NA cloud rain cloud cloud cloud sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA
53 Kangaroo Ground Community Oval dry natural 9.166666667 60 66 595 774 590 435 730 685 NA NA cloud rain cloud cloud cloud sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 1 NA NA
54 Karkarook Park modified park 3.888888889 49 26 664 780 675 640 585 455 700 765 rain sun sun sun sun cloud cloud rain light moderate light light light light moderate moderate 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
55 Kimberley Reserve modified park 8.75 61 38 664 780 675 640 585 455 700 765 rain sun sun sun sun cloud cloud rain light moderate light light light light moderate moderate 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
56 Koolunga Native Reserve damp natural 8.75 97 85 469 600 550 485 525 NA NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 1 0 1 1 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
57 Koonung Creek Reserve modified park 5 115 42 469 600 550 485 525 NA NA NA sun cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 1 0 1 1 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
58 La Trobe University dry natural 13 71 2 550 606 720 569 NA NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA NA light light light NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
59 Lakeside Reserve modified park 7 77 15 550 606 720 569 NA NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA NA light light light NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
60 Lewis Park dry natural 2 92 39 550 606 720 569 NA NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA NA light light light NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
61 Lilydale Memorial Park modified park 7.5 9 62 649 482 610 694 710 515 630 515 cloud cloud cloud cloud sun cloud cloud cloud moderate moderate light moderate moderate light light light 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
62 Llewellyn Park dry park 8.333333333 80 75 547 509 797 470 680 584 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud cloud rain NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA
63 Loughies Bushland Reserve dry natural 1.875 64 65 547 509 797 470 680 584 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud cloud rain NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA
64 Melbourne Water Linear Reserve riparian natural 10 23 23 547 509 797 470 680 584 NA NA cloud sun sun cloud cloud rain NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA
65 Melbourne Water Reserve wet natural 6 101 64 540 630 570 NA NA NA NA NA rain sun rain NA NA NA NA NA light moderate light NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
66 Melbourne Water Wetlands riparian natural 7.5 44 68 540 630 570 NA NA NA NA NA rain sun rain NA NA NA NA NA light moderate light NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
67 Middle Gorge Park riparian natural 4.25 10 80 566 641 599 830 696 NA NA NA cloud sun cloud cloud sun NA NA NA light light moderate strong moderate NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
68 Mullum Mullum Creek Linear Reserve_1 riparian natural 18.75 116 104 664 600 520 625 NA NA NA NA cloud sun sun cloud NA NA NA NA light moderate light light NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
69 Mullum Mullum Creek Linear Reserve_2 riparian natural 20 100 96 704 690 780 575 510 NA NA NA cloud rain cloud cloud rain NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 1 1 1 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
70 Mullum Mullum Creek Linear Reserve_3 damp natural 16.66666667 20 53 690 701 450 NA NA NA NA NA sun cloud cloud NA NA NA NA NA light light light NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
71 Norris Bank Reserve modified park 7.5 87 98 510 660 690 610 NA NA NA NA rain cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
72 Olinda Falls Picnic Area wet natural 5.625 6 36 460 570 480 635 672 715 625 438 cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud light light light moderate light light light light 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
73 Olinda Recreation Reserve wet natural 14.375 24 11 460 570 480 635 672 715 625 438 cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud light light light moderate light light light light 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
74 Orchard Grove Reserve dry park 20 105 24 828 744 614 602 740 616 NA NA sun rain sun cloud cloud sun NA NA light moderate light moderate light strong NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
75 Ormeau Road Reserve dry natural 5 21 93 828 744 614 602 740 616 NA NA sun rain sun cloud cloud sun NA NA light moderate light moderate light strong NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
76 Picnic Hill Bushland Reserve dry natural 5 12 22 828 744 614 602 740 616 NA NA sun rain sun cloud cloud sun NA NA light moderate light moderate light strong NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
77 Pirianda Garden wet natural 7.5 53 1 480 680 530 328 680 NA NA NA cloud rain cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA
78 Proposed Dandenong Valley Parklands_1 damp natural 5.8 56 102 480 680 530 328 680 NA NA NA cloud rain cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA
79 Proposed Dandenong Valley Parklands_2 dry natural 7.2 18 60 480 680 530 328 680 NA NA NA cloud rain cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA
80 Proposed Lake and Parkland dry natural 5 70 40 559 814 500 785 629 NA NA NA cloud rain cloud sun sun NA NA NA light light light light moderate NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
81 Quinn Nature Reserve dry natural 6.666666667 63 100 559 814 500 785 629 NA NA NA cloud rain cloud sun sun NA NA NA light light light light moderate NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
82 R E Gray Reserve dry natural 12.5 118 4 725 580 610 795 600 NA NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
83 Rae’s Park dry park 1.875 5 78 725 580 610 795 600 NA NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
84 Ringwood Lake modified park 12.5 102 69 725 580 610 795 600 NA NA NA cloud sun sun cloud sun NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
86 Sassafras Creek Linear Reserve wet natural 5 47 1 506 455 653 500 380 831 NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 1 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 1 0 0 0 NA NA
87 Scoresby Linear Reserve dry natural 18.75 83 9 530 741 426 704 552 NA NA NA sun sun sun cloud sun NA NA NA light light light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA NA
88 Silvan Reservoir Park damp natural 8.333333333 11 1 430 480 600 NA NA NA NA NA rain cloud rain NA NA NA NA NA light light light NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA
89 Singleton Reserve wet natural 2.857142857 16 32 430 480 600 NA NA NA NA NA rain cloud rain NA NA NA NA NA light light light NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 NA NA NA NA NA
90 Somers Trail Reserve dry natural 16.25 107 90 620 690 720 662 570 NA NA NA rain cloud cloud cloud sun NA NA NA light moderate light moderate light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
91 Starlight Reserve dry natural 6.25 28 25 630 694 814 630 784 455 609 NA cloud sun cloud cloud cloud rain sun NA light light moderate light light light light NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA
92 Stintons Reserve dry park 9.166666667 3 48 601 646 480 527 NA NA NA NA sun cloud cloud rain NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 1 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
93 Swinburne University of Technology_1 dry natural 14 65 23 601 646 480 527 NA NA NA NA sun cloud cloud rain NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 1 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
94 Swinburne University of Technology_2 riparian natural 19 84 30 601 646 480 527 NA NA NA NA sun cloud cloud rain NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 1 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
95 Sydney Pargeter Recreation Area dry natural 8.125 55 92 700 543 660 556 494 NA NA NA sun cloud cloud rain sun NA NA NA light strong light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
96 The 100 Acres dry natural 4.375 39 89 700 543 660 556 494 NA NA NA sun cloud cloud rain sun NA NA NA light strong light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
97 The Kew Billabong/Willsmere Park riparian natural 9.285714286 66 74 700 543 660 556 494 NA NA NA sun cloud cloud rain sun NA NA NA light strong light light light NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
98 Tirhatuan Park modified park 3.125 57 37 660 730 747 690 753 490 571 NA cloud sun cloud cloud cloud rain sun NA light light moderate light moderate light moderate NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 NA
99 Valley Reserve riparian restoration 19 109 67 650 711 685 546 757 509 NA NA cloud sun sun sun rain cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
100 W (Jacko) Jackson Reserve dry natural 6.875 32 54 650 711 685 546 757 509 NA NA cloud sun sun sun rain cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
101 Warburton Trail Linear Reserve_1 dry natural 7 43 86 650 711 685 546 757 509 NA NA cloud sun sun sun rain cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
102 Warburton Trail Linear Reserve_2 dry natural 1.25 48 86 650 633 480 482 620 NA NA NA cloud sun cloud sun cloud NA NA NA light moderate light light moderate NA NA NA 0 1 0 1 1 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 1 1 0 NA NA NA
103 Warner Reserve dry park 10.83333333 111 61 620 525 605 517 556 NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud sun cloud NA NA NA light light moderate light moderate NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
104 Warrandyte Reserve riparian natural 3 69 103 620 525 605 517 556 NA NA NA cloud cloud cloud sun cloud NA NA NA light light moderate light moderate NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
105 Warrandyte State Park_1 dry natural 5 46 47 640 507 540 718 607 665 NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud cloud NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 1 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA
106 Warrandyte State Park_2 damp natural 2.5 22 87 554 817 540 535 652 540 NA NA cloud cloud cloud cloud rain rain NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 1 0 0 1 0 1 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA
107 Warrandyte State Park_3 dry natural 1.666666667 1 3 500 612 530 625 570 610 NA NA cloud cloud sun cloud sun sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA 1 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA
108 Warrandyte State Park_4 riparian natural 1 8 54 623 647 502 645 NA NA NA NA cloud sun sun sun NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 1 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
109 Warranwood Reserve damp natural 3.125 58 27 623 647 502 645 NA NA NA NA cloud sun sun sun NA NA NA NA light light light light NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 1 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA
110 Warringal Parklands modified park 35 73 58 680 450 584 NA NA NA NA NA sun cloud cloud NA NA NA NA NA light light moderate NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
111 Wicks Reserve damp natural 2.142857143 42 55 680 450 584 NA NA NA NA NA sun cloud cloud NA NA NA NA NA light light moderate NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA NA
112 Wingrove Park riparian park 5 72 90 720 492 630 631 395 603 NA NA rain rain sun cloud cloud sun NA NA light light light light light light NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA
113 Yan Yean Pipe Track Linear Reserve riparian park 9.5 75 14 500 833 563 780 630 660 812 NA cloud sun cloud rain cloud sun sun NA light light moderate strong light light moderate NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA
114 Yandell Reserve dry natural 7.5 90 95 500 833 563 780 630 660 812 NA cloud sun cloud rain cloud sun sun NA light light moderate strong light light moderate NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA
115 Yarra Bend Park_1 riparian natural 11.33333333 108 3 500 833 563 780 630 660 812 NA cloud sun cloud rain cloud sun sun NA light light moderate strong light light moderate NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA
116 Yarra Bend Park_2 dry natural 5.333333333 89 41 500 833 563 780 630 660 812 NA cloud sun cloud rain cloud sun sun NA light light moderate strong light light moderate NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA
117 Yarra River Linear Reserve damp natural 5 36 73 500 833 563 780 630 660 812 NA cloud sun cloud rain cloud sun sun NA light light moderate strong light light moderate NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA
118 Yarra River Reserve_1 riparian natural 15.4 50 105 530 553 405 636 449 NA NA NA cloud sun cloud cloud cloud NA NA NA moderate moderate light light moderate NA NA NA 1 0 1 1 0 NA NA NA 0 0 1 0 0 NA NA NA 0 0 0 0 0 NA NA NA
120 Yarrambat War Memorial Park dry natural 10 120 94 616 593 627 670 570 645 670 NA cloud sun cloud cloud cloud sun sun NA light light moderate moderate light light moderate NA 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NA 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 NA
Landscape Ecology SLE322. Major Project. Urban Birds; detection and occupancy.
Report instructions
Your major landscape ecology project uses new skills in data collection and analysis that you will learn in
the practical sessions. You will learn how to perform a sophisticated occupancy and detection analysis
using the computer program R. You will learn how to create spatial covariates in GIS software ARCmap; a
critical tool for enabling you to ask landscape-scale questions. You will also learn how to identify birds and
conduct bird surveys. This exciting project gives you the suite of tools and skills that you will need to
understand landscape concepts, and to put those concepts into practice in real-world case studies.
Key Dates
Week 2 Prac 1. Analysis training in R. Learn how to do these analysis now because you have to do it on
your own for real in Prac 4!
Week 3 Prac 2. Bird identification training and field site allocation (10 sites/person)
24th March. Week 3. Begin field surveys.
Week 4 Prac 3. Create spatial variables for your sites using GIS software
2nd April. Mid-day (12pm). All your data must be loaded to the shared file and all your surveys
submitted to Birdata by midday on Sunday 2nd April. Data will be extracted at midday on Sunday to
prepare for pracs on Monday 3rd April. No extensions possible as data must be prepared for analysis.
Week 5. Prac 4. Analysis of your field data.
4th May, 12pm mid-day. Week 8, Full draft of your report submitted. Reports submitted after this date will
not undergo peer-review or be eligible for a second submission, losing 8.5 marks out of 35. Submit your
reports to
10th May, 12pm mid-day, Week 9. All comments on other people’s projects must be submitted.
17th May, 12pm mid-day, Week 10. Final draft with comments and track changes submitted.
Which sites to go to?
There are 24 groups of sites, with each group having five sites. Your job is to survey all five sites in two of
the groups. You have been allocated to specific groups for the survey. The sites are grouped to be close to
each other so that it will be possible to do all five sites in a group in one morning.
Step 1. Find the “students allocated to survey groups of sites.xlsx” excel file. Find your name or username,
and read across to see the two groups you have been allocated
Step 2. Download the KMZ files for those two groups of sites. Find these under Resources > Bird
Occupancy and Detection Major Project > Bird Survey Groups of Sites KMZ files. The files are named, for
example for group 12 Bird_Points_120_12. So use the last number in the file name to find the right groups
for you.
Step 3. See How to use your KMZ file to get to your sites below.
AMAZING OPPORTUNITY!!! Note that due to a slight mismatch in sites and student numbers, groups 1,
2, 3, 4, 21, 22, 23, and 24 are only scheduled for nine surveys. If you are enjoying your bird surveys and
want to do some extra groups of sites, please contact me and you will be able to survey some of these
additional groups.
How to get to your sites?
Go to this web page for instructions on how to create a map.
https://support.google.com/mymaps/answer/3024836?hl=en
In a nutshell, you upload your two KMZ files into your MyMaps (part of google maps), and the points will
then appear in Google Maps. Use your smart-phone with google maps to navigate to the point. Start your
survey exactly on the point (except where that might endanger your life).
Step by step instructions that worked for me:
Open google MyMaps
https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/
click menu (three lines on top left)
select create a new map
Rename the layer (eg. Bird Group 1)
click import
Drag the correct kml file (eg. for bird group 1 drag Bird_Points_120_1.kmz)
That’s it!
Then when you want to go to these sites
Open google maps
Click menu in top left
Select Your Places
Select Maps tab
click SEE ALL YOUR MAPS
Your map should appear; click on it.
Click on the site you want to go to first
In the bottom left of that box is the ‘directions to here’ button!!
Indicate where you are starting from in the A box and your route is drawn on the map. How cool is that!
Field Surveys
In a nutshell:
Complete surveys at the 10 sites you were allocated, between 24 March and 2nd April
Submit bird surveys using the birdata app; include name in comments section
Complete the site and survey covariates spreadsheet at the same time as each survey
Submit your site and covariate data as a CSV file in the appropriate assignment folder before midday
12pm 2nd April.
Students visit allocated sites between 24 March and 2nd April (make your own travel arrangements; walk,
bike, public transport, car (ok, car is definitely going to be best)). All data must be loaded up by Mid-day
12pm on Sunday 2nd April.
We will be collecting data that will be used by Birdlife and other organisations to understand risks to
Melbourne’s bird community. It is really important that everyone does their absolute best to ensure the data
we collect in the field is of the upmost integrity. If for any reason you cannot provide quality data, DO NOT
MAKE UP THE DATA. If for whatever reason you did not go to your designated sites to survey birds,
please submit no data (data submission is worth 3.5% of your overall mark).
Survey protocols. Your tutor for prac 2 in week 3 will be Kerryn Herman from BirdLife Australia. She will
teach you how to implement the 20 minute 2 ha active bird survey and to enter data in the birdata app
(http://birdata.birdlife.org.au/).
Your survey must be completely independent of anyone else also surveying that site. If your visit happens to
coincide with someone else, wait until they finish before you start. Never walk together with someone else
because your survey will not be independent.
When you submit your survey using the app, YOU MUST INCLUDE YOUR NAME IN THE
COMMENTS SECTION. If you don’t include your name, you cannot be allocated marks for
collecting the data. Do not include any other comments there. It is critical that you enter the correct site
name in each survey before submitting to birdata.
If, for any reason, you cannot use the app (eg, you dropped your phone in the river while looking through
binoculars), always have a notebook, your bird ID sheets from the prac, and a watch so that you can
complete your 20 minute survey and record the birds you saw. Transfer your paper-survey to an on-line
survey when you get home.
If you see birds other than the species targeted in the prac and you can identify them, please add them to
your survey. Record all birds that you can identify.
In addition to the bird data, you will need to collect environmental data. You need to download the
spreadsheet from CloudDeakin under Resources > Bird Occupancy and Detection Major Project > site and
survey covariates data entry sheet.xls. For each variable in the spreadsheet you need to estimate appropriate
values for each response. Do not change the spreadsheet headings or columns, just add your results. These
data need to be uploaded to the appropriate assignment page as a comma-delimited text file (.csv). That is,
you must save the data page of your excel file in the .csv format before you upload the results. Details of
what to collect are described on the instructions tab of the spreadsheet.
Surveying the right area. Use google maps or other tool to get to the survey point. We want everyone to
survey the same place, so it is important that you go to the designated point to begin. If the area is mostly
forested, survey a circular area that is approximately 80m in diameter, which is approximately 2ha. Most
sites have linear vegetation: see below. If the site has massive walls of near-impenetrable vegetation you
should make sure you are surveying within the 2ha area, but you might choose not to go the exact point.
However, for all sites, you will need to be walking off designated tracks to cover the 2ha area.
Many sites have linear vegetation. You should survey in the linear vegetation rather than the adjacent
oval/open spaces (don’t stick to a circular area if the vegetation is not in the circle). Adjust the length of
linear vegetation you search based on the width of the vegetation to ensure your area remains at 2 hectares,
with the gps point in the middle. There are 10,000m2 in one ha, so you want to survey 20,000 m2. For
example, if your linear vegetation is approximately 30m wide you will need to survey the linear vegetation
for 20,000/30 = 667m.
A few sites have very few trees. In those cases, survey the areas with trees but include open areas as well to
make up the 2ha.
ANALYSIS AND WRITE UP
Select a species and do the analysis
Select a species from the group data set to analyse.
The species MUST have been observed on between 25% and 75% of sites. DO NOT use species
that occurred on less than 25% or more than 75% of sites because you need enough data in both the
present and absent categories for your analysis to be meaningful.
If your species is potentially an invasive or expanding species, your introduction will need to be
tailored to include ideas about urbanization promoting undesirable species. If your species is a
native species, your introduction should focus on the risk of decline of native species. This is
particularly relevant to the second paragraph.
Analysis will be completed in Prac 4, week 5.
Write up.
You are provided with a strict structure for your report. This reflects the kind of structure (and in some
cases, word limits) that are encouraged by leading international scientific journals.
There are very strict word counts that must be adhered to in both the draft and final versions of your report.
There are three phases to the write up
1. Complete draft (23/35 marks)
1. Comment on drafts written by your peers (2.5 marks)
2. Update your first draft based on peer comments and submit for assessment. (6 marks)
Phase 1. Complete Draft
Each paragraph, except the results and conclusions, must refer to the scientific literature, putting your work
into an international context as appropriate. Find appropriate references using the data-bases Web of
Science (nice consistent flow of citations into endnote), and/or Google-scholar (less consistent flow into
endnote, but ok).
ONLY peer-reviewed journal articles can be cited (no web citations or grey literature allowed).
You must use EndNote or similar software to organize your references.
The report must be a Microsoft Word document and must be submitted on CloudDeakin for assessment.
WORD LIMITS. Each numbered section has the word limits for that section in (). Longer paragraphs will
not be marked (score of zero).
The report MUST be structured as shown below. Each numbered point refers to a separate paragraph (except
6 which are the graphs of results).
REPORT STRUCTURE
Introduction
1. (Less than 100 words) The big problem. Urbanisation impacts on wildlife. Global perspective. This
provides readers with broadest context of why your research is very important.
2. (less than 150 words) Why changes associated with urban development impacts on wildlife. This goes
into additional detail to explain the mechanisms through which urbanization cause environmental problems;
how it reduces biodiversity and/or how it promotes exotic species.
3. (less than 100 words) How the general problems in the paragraph 1 and 2 are relevant to your study
species in greater Melbourne.
4. (less than 100 words) The specific aims/questions/hypotheses (however you want to frame it) of this
study. There should be three of these, the first about landscape properties (e.g. road cover within 1km), the
second about patch-level properties (e.g. percentage weed cover, vegetation type), the third about
interactions of landscape and patch-level properties (e.g. does the effect of road cover depend on the
percentage weed cover?).
Methods.
5. (less than 150 words) Field survey methods: in your own words.
6. (less than 150 words) Describe your analysis, which should be an adaptation of Prac 1. Your analysis for
this project will be completed during Prac 4. An additional table or appendix may be used if many different
models need to be documented.
Results.
7. Graph significant relationships and present plots as numbered figures. Present only those figures related
to your three aims and that you will discuss as either the first, second or third most important finding. Given
strict word limits, you might not be able to include everything. Each graph should have a caption that
enables readers to fully understand the graph without referring to the text. Captions must not exceed 30
words each.
8. (less than 150 words) Write very brief text to describe the key patterns in each plot, referring to the
appropriate figure. The idea is to draw the reader’s attention to the most important trend in each graph.
Discussion
9. (less than 75 words) Overview paragraph: were landscape variables, patch variables, or interactions most
important? And therefore, what is the likely importance of your discovery (a taster sentence highlighting the
main point of the discussion to come).
10. (less than 150 words) Discuss the most important finding in the context of the international literature.
You could: reiterate discovery, explain what it means and how that discovery sheds light on, or is informed
by, the international literature about factors influencing birds in urban landscapes.
11. (less than 150 words) Discuss the second most important finding in the context of the international
literature. You could: reiterate discovery, explain what it means and how that discovery sheds light on, or is
informed by, the international literature about factors influencing birds in urban landscapes.
12. (less than 150 words) Discuss the third most important finding in the context of the international
literature. You could: reiterate discovery, explain what it means and how that discovery sheds light on, or is
informed by, the international literature about factors influencing birds in urban landscapes. (if there is no
third most important finding that warrants discussion, you may add a paragraph after paragraph 10 to expand
on the most-important finding.)
13. (less than 75 words) Conclusion. References can be used in the conclusions, but may not always be
needed.
14. References (not included in word count, use Endnote to produce your bibliography).
Submit your report to the assessments folder Bird detection and occupancy Groups for commenting
on Draft. These groups include three people: you will comment on the two other reports in your
group.
Phase 2. Comments
Your draft will be read by the other two members of your group (students are randomly assigned to
groups)
You will read the two other reports in your group and provide comments on both.
Feedback consists of constructive comments and is given in the margins as comments. Provide
feedback on sentences or paragraphs that are poorly constructed, content that could be changed to
strengthen an argument, statements that could be better supported by citations to the literature etc.
Comments should be long enough to explain the problem and suggest solutions, but must also be as
brief as possible. 10-20 words will typically be enough for a simple problem. 75 words is the upper
limit.
Comments must be added in a way that includes your name (find out how to do this here
https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Change-the-author-name-for-review-comments-cdd4b8acfbca-438d-a5b5-a99fb1c750e3), otherwise you will not get any marks for your comments.
Comments cannot be submitted anonymously; all comments must be polite and professional (even if
you are close friends with the author).
If a paragraph is perfect already, the comment may indicate that it is perfect, and explain why. Note
that if the paragraph has flaws that are obvious, a comment that a paragraph is perfect will not score
highly.
The number of comments you provide will depend on the project you are reviewing: a perfect project
report will only need one comment per paragraph to explain why it is perfect. Realistically, more
comments than that will be required.
Submit the reports that you have reviewed and which include your comments to the same
group folder that you share with two other students: Bird detection and occupancy Groups for
commenting on Draft.
Phase 3. Final version
Respond to comments in the way shown connected to this paragraph using MS Word’s in-built
comment facility.
If a comment will make the text worse in the view of the author of that paragraph, the author must
explain why they have not made the suggested change in responding to the comment.
Commented [DD1]: Use MS Word’s comment tool to add
your feedback. Be as succinct as possible. No extra marks for
long essays in comments.
Commented [DD2]: The comment tool can be found on the
insert tab.
Commented [DD3R2]: you can respond to a comment
using that little box in the top right corner of this box.
Commented [DD4R2]: But make sure your name appears
associated with each comment. You need your full name here
so that you can be allocated marks for your comments and
responses. In this case, whoever did this comment would be
allocated zero marks because they haven’t shown their full
name.
If a comment makes a good point, you may alter your original text to improve the report. Track
Changes MUST be turned on when you make changes to the text.
You can make other changes to the text using track-changes in addition to changes in response to
suggestions provided in comments.
DO NOT SUBMIT THIS BACK TO THE GROUP FOLDER. Submit your final version into the
assessments folder Bird Detection and Occupancy Final Report.
ASSESSMENT
Total Marks for bird occupancy project 35
Major categories that marks are allocated to Marks
Data of adequate quality submitted on time 3.5
Complete Draft 23.0
Constructive comments provided 2.5
Submitted final draft with comments responded to appropriately 6
Allocation of marks to components of your complete draft, prior to the comments phase
topic and task of each paragraph/section
total
marks for
this
section
Introduction
1 Urbanisation as a threat to biodiversity 1.5
2 Mechanisms of impact on wildlife 2
3 Relevance of 1 and 2 to birds in Melbourne 1.5
4 Aims 1
Methods.
5 Field survey methods: in your own words. 1
6 Describe your analysis 3
Results.
7 Graph significant relationships and present plots as numbered figures. 4.5
8 Describe the key patterns in each plot, referring to the appropriate figure. 1
Discussion
9 Overview: were landscape variables, patch variables, or interactions most
important?.
1.5
10 Most important finding. 1.5
11 Second most important finding 1.5
12 Third most important finding 1.5
13 Conclusion. 1
14 References 0.5
Plagiarism. If there is strong evidence of copying in any section, 0 marks will be allocated to that section.
Word Count. If a section exceeds the designated word count, 0 marks will be allocated to that section
Late Reports. Draft reports submitted after the deadline will not be eligible for review by the two other
group members, or for submitting a final draft. Late reports will therefore not be assessed for 8.5 marks out
of 35 (24%).
Using References. 3-6 references to peer-reviewed literature will be needed in most paragraphs to justify
your arguments. You will be assessed on the number of references, their relevance and appropriate use.
Paragraph and sentence structure. You will be assessed on clarity of writing. Is there a clear topic
sentence in each paragraph of intro and discussion, is the argument logically developed through the
paragraph (e.g. no non-sequiturs), are sentences concise, to the point, and clear?
Paragraph content. Each paragraph or section (numbered 1-14 in report description above) has been
allocated a task in your overall story. You will be assessed on how well each section performs its allocated
task.
Methods. You will be assessed on whether you have described your methods correctly, demonstrating an
understanding of techniques and analyses used.
Results. Presenting your results demonstrates that you have completed the analysis correctly. You will be
assessed on whether the analysis was completed (occupancy and detection analysis with appropriate
covariates), and on the legibility of the graphs. Are the graphs and captions adequate? Have only those
graphs needed to address the aims been shown? Is the text a legible size? Is the graph understandable from
reading the caption alone?
