why does peer influence affect teenagers more than parents

PSYC101 and PSYC102 Term Paper Assignment A Guideline for an APA-Style Literature Review Paper

Objectives: The purpose of this term paper assignment is to help students become more familiar with

both psychology literature on a specific topic and the APA-style. Students should conduct a thorough

and extensive literature review on a key concept from the wide range of topics covered in the assigned

course textbook (i.e., Myers, 2013). Students are expected to demonstrate the fact that they have

become familiar with the previous research on the topic (i.e., understood the state of knowledge about

the topic) by presenting a meaningful and structured summary of the main points they have learned

from the reviewed sources. In short, the manuscript should present a brief and organized overview of

the published studies on the selected topic. Evaluation: This assignment is worth 20 points. Students

should focus both on the content of paper (“what they write”) and its format (“how they write”). Each

paper will be evaluated on the basis of both APA-Style format (10 points) and content (10 points).

Format: In writing your term paper, students should follow the APA-style guidelines (Publication Manual

of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed., 2010), and avoid being ‘creative’ and ‘innovative’

when it comes to the format of their paper. Each term paper should include the following sections in

order: Title page, Abstract, Body, Conclusion, and References. Title Page: Five pieces of information

should be presented on the title page (i.e., page 1): ? Running Head: The running head which is a

shortened form of the title includes two to four key concepts from the title appears on the top left

corner of every page (except Figures), beginning with the title page. Only on the title page of the

manuscript, the label “Running head:” precedes the running head itself (which should be all in upper case

letters).

Page Number: The page number appears one inch from the right edge of the paper on the first line of

every page (except Figures), beginning with the title page.

? ? ?

Paper Title: Uppercase and lowercase letters, centered on the page. Author: Uppercase and lowercase

letters, centered on the line following the title. Institutional affiliation: Uppercase and lowercase

letters, centered on the line following the author(s).

Abstract: It should be on a separate page (page 2) as only one paragraph with no indentation. It

contains 150 to 250 words, double-spaced with the header “Abstract” centered at the top of the page.

Abstract contains the thesis of research conducted and a very concise introduction to the entire study.

Body of the Paper: The body of the paper begins on a new page (i.e., page 2), at the beginning of which

students are expected to include a thesis statement. Title: The title of the paper (in uppercase and

lowercase letters) is centered on the first line below the manuscript page header. Introduction: The

introduction (which is not labeled) begins on the line following the paper title. Headings: Headings are

used to organize the document and reflect the relative importance of sections. Main headings (when the

paper has either one or two levels of headings) use centered uppercase and lowercase letters (e.g.,

Conclusion, and References). Subheadings (when the paper has two levels of headings) use flush left,

uppercase and lowercase letters. Alignment: Flush left (creating uneven right margin) Font: Size 12 Times

New Roman Spacing: Double-space throughout the paper Margin: One inch on all sides

Length: 6 to 8 pages (Microsoft word document ; standard, letter-sized paper 8.5” x 11”) Paragraph

Indentation: 5-7 spaces Text citations: Source material must be documented in the body of the paper by

citing the author(s) and date(s) of the sources. The underlying principle is that ideas and words of others

must be formally acknowledged. The reader can obtain the full source citation from the list of

references that follows the body of the paper. When the names of the authors of a source are part of the

formal structure of the sentence, the year of publication appears in parentheses following the

identification of the authors. Also note that according to APA: ? When the authors of a source are not

part of the formal structure of the sentence, both the authors and year of publication appear in

parentheses. ? When several sources are cited parenthetically, they are ordered alphabetically by first

authors’ surnames and separated by semicolons. ? When a source that has two authors is cited, both

authors are included every time the source is cited. ? When a source that has three, four, or five authors

is cited, all authors are included the first time the source is cited. ? ? When that source is cited again,

the first author’s surname and “et al.” are used. When a source that has six or more authors is cited, the

first author’s surname and “et al.” are used every time the source is cited (including the first time). ?

Every effort should be made to cite only sources that you have actually read. When it is necessary to

cite a source that you have not read that is cited in a source that you have read.

To cite a personal communication (including letters, emails, and telephone interviews), include initials,

surname, and as exact a date as possible. Because a personal communication is not “recoverable”

information, it is not included in the References section.

To cite a Web document, use the author-date format. If no author is identified, use the first few words of

the title in place of the author. If no date is provided, use “n.d.” in place of the date.

Quotations: There are two forms of quotations. In either form, students must acknowledge it by giving

credit to the original author(s) whose words or ideas they’re using by including the author’s name as a

lead-in to the quote for both direct and indirect quotations (failing to do so, would be considered as

plagiarism). ? Direct Quotation: When students use the exact words of a source, they need to report the

author, year, and page number as part of the citation. A quotation of fewer than 40 words should be

enclosed in double quotation marks and should be incorporated into the formal structure of the

sentence. A lengthier quotation of 40 or more words should appear (without quotation marks) apart

from the surrounding text, in block format, with each line indented five spaces from the left margin. ?

Indirect Quotation: When students only refer to the message (i.e., the meaning) of a source, without

using the exact words (i.e., you paraphrase, change or summarize the original words), they only need to

report the author and publication.

Sources: Students should do their best to use most recent sources in the field. All sources included in

the References section must be cited in the body of the paper (and all sources cited in the paper must

be included in the References section). At least 6 sources (i.e., references) are needed:

? ? ? ?

the course textbook, at least another textbook, at least one scholarly journal article, and three other

sources (which could include newspapers, magazines, and TV programs).

References Section: The References section should begin on a new page. The references (with hanging

indent) begin on the line following the References heading. Entries are organized alphabetically by

surnames of first authors. Each reference includes title, journal, volume, pages (for journal article) or

title, city of publication, publisher (for book). Italicize titles of books, titles of periodicals, and

periodical volume numbers. Acknowledgement: In preparing this guideline, a number of resources,

particularly APA.org website, as well as UBC, SFU, Alexander College and VCC Library resources have been

consulted and extensively used. Students are encouraged to consult the following links for more

information on APA style:

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ http://www.apastyle.org/learn/tutorials/basics-

tutorial.aspx http://www.alexandercollege.ca/library/research-tools/plagiarism-how-to-avoid-it/

http://www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs/index.aspx http://library.vcc.ca/research/research_apamla.cfm

http://library.concordia.ca/help/howto/apa.php http://www.lib.sfu.ca/help/writing/apa#sfu-top

http://help.library.ubc.ca/evaluating-and-citing-sources/how-to-cite/=

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