Policy Implementation

an article called:Visa Officers as Gatekeepers
of a State’s Borders: The Social
Determinants of Discretion in Spousal
Sponsorship Cases in Canada
After reading this article the writer must identify a problem for example it can be that visa officers are given too much discretion. ( Any problem related to the IMPLEMENTATION), the writer must then apply both approaches the TOP-DOWN and BOTTOM-UP ( the approaches are explained on the slides i will be uploading, both approaches are there 2 pdfs will be uploaded make sure to go over them as they explain both)
After reading the article and the approaches the writer must come up with 2 questions one for each approach questioning the problem ( since both approaches looks at differently) 1 question per approach
Then what are the important factors according to that approach ( 3 per approach) and then limitations of each approach for this specific case ( 2 per approach) In short its 1 question to elucidate per approach depending on the problem you identify, you can use my example as the problem, 3 factors per approach and 2 limitations per approach. The paper must be 4 pages double spaced, Into , sections, Conclusion. the sources must be:
2 academic sources on implementation theory
2 academic sources on the empirical setting or other settings.

THE PROFESSORS INSTRUCTIONS ARE ON THE PDF AT THE LAST 3 SLIDES BE SURE TO READ THEM AS THEY MAY BE CLEARER, its essential to read all the documents uploaded
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