Research in the area of eyewitness testimony sees memory as a reconstructive process. Loftus (1979) argued that the evidence given by witnesses in court cases could be said to be unreliable due to the problem of leading questions. Loftus and Zany (1975) investigated this by showing students a film of a car accident and then asking them to complete a 22-item questionnaire, 6 of which were critical questions. For half the participants the questions included; did you see a, for the other half the questions included; did you see the. These questions were about things that didnt happen….(short extract)
