Comparing Populations Using Statistical Inference

In order to complete this assignment, you will need to use statistical analysis software. Refer to the third study activity in Unit 1 to ensure you have all the necessary software to do so. Note: For Excel 2011 for Mac, you must have the Microsoft Office for Mac 2011 update 14.1 installed, issued August 2011. Solver is included as part of the update. After confirming that the update is installed, refer to steps 1–4 in this Microsoft Office forum to activate the Solver.
Practical Application Scenario 1

You are the manager of the Gander Mountain store in Frogtown, Illinois. Recently, a customer mentioned they believed your prices for ammunition were lower than the prices of Gander Mountain’s primary competitor in hunting equipment, Cabela’s. You would like to include that statement in a forthcoming print advertisement, so you need statistical evidence to support this assertion.

Identify the null and alternative hypotheses needed to test the contention. Then identify the most appropriate sample selection technique to gather data for testing the hypotheses. What statistical test should you use to accept or reject this hypothesis using the data you will collect?
Practical Application Scenario 2

Your love of golf has brought you back to the range as the new product manager for UniDun’s Straight Flight (SF) line of golf balls. The company’s research and development group has been experimenting with dimple patterns that promote straight flight and feel they have achieved some degree of success; however, you are worried about the effect that the new pattern might have on driving distance.

The Golf Ball Distances document contains test results that compare the driving distances for the two different kinds of balls: 40 balls of the new SF type and 40 of the current UniDun type. Your job is to determine if the current UniDun balls can be driven further than the new SF balls. To resolve this question, you need appropriate answers to the following four questions. Remember to use your Business Statistics in Practice textbook, the supplementary instruction session archives, and the optional course resources to help you answer each of the following questions:

Identify the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses for this test. Express each in writing and in the form of an equation.
Identify the appropriate statistical test to accept or reject the null hypothesis.
Calculate the statistical parameters, the mean, variance, and standard deviation. Then calculate the statistical test and the p-value.
In a three- to five-paragraph synopsis, explain your results to the vice president of marketing, including the terms of the scenario variables.

Hint: You will need to use Excel’s Analysis ToolPak, or the Mac equivalent, StatPlus:mac, to calculate the statistical parameters, the mean, variance, and standard deviation, and to calculate the statistical test that you have chosen and its p-value. SAS Enterprise Guide users do not need to first calculate the statistical parameters.
Practical Application Scenario 3

As the food court manager at the Mall of Elbonia, you must determine how much time customers spend at the mall during different times of the week (for example: midweek day; midweek evening; weekend day; weekend evening). Last week, the mall survey staff randomly surveyed mall visitors as they left the mall. One key question asked how much time the customer had spent in the mall on that day.

The findings from this study are provided in the document titled Mall Time Results, provided in Resources. Columns A through D show the time spent by the customers interviewed, according to the part of the week and time of day when the interviews occurred. Is there any statistically significant difference (at alpha = .05) in the average amount of time people spend in the mall based on the part of the week and time of day? To determine the answer to this question, you need appropriate answers to all of the following four questions. Remember to use your Business Statistics in Practice textbook, the supplementary instruction session archives, and the optional course resources to help you answer each question.

Identify the null and alternative hypotheses you should form for this test. Express each in writing and also in equation form.
Identify the appropriate statistical test to accept or reject the null hypothesis.
Calculate the appropriate statistical test values to accept or reject your null and alternative hypotheses.
What should you tell the Mall of Elbonia’s food court stores managers in terms of the mall’s high-traffic times and customer tendencies?

Assignment Submission

Compile all of your practical application scenario answers into one Word file (submitted as a .docx file). Copy the Excel or SAS output, including graphics, tables, and so on, into that document. Highlight your findings for these practical applications scenarios in yellow. Submit the file in the assignments area for grading and instructor feedback. Prior to submission, review the eleven questions within the three scenarios as well as the scoring guide to ensure you meet all evaluation criteria.
Golf Ball Distance Test
Distance Measured in Yards
Current     New
264     277
261     269
267     263
272     266
258     262
283     251
258     262
266     289
259     286
270     264
263     274
264     266
284     262
263     271
260     260
283     281
255     250
272     263
266     278
268     264
270     272
287     259
289     264
280     280
272     274
275     281
265     276
260     269
278     268
275     262
281     283
274     250
273     253
263     260
275     270
267     263
279     261
274     255
276     263
262     279
Mall Time Interview Results
Midweek, Day     Midweek, Evening     Weekend, Day     Weekend, Evening
66     64     64     185
78     71     121     207
66     174     29     203
32     53     147     84
35     52     162     125
34     96     108     184
88     135     61     129
149     142     77     94
86     149     88     182
145     59     131     65
146     82     127     110
38     118     141     139
95     132     176     108
80     81     161     117
106     111     3     125
42     68     82     65
95     22     128     47
77     50     51     88
98     125     81     84
71     105     54     165
122     92     161     86
125     115     158     164
85     148     45     199
97     66     134     83
33     74     38     36

Mall Time Interview Results
Midweek, Day    Midweek, Evening    Weekend, Day    Weekend, Evening
66    64    64    185
78    71    121    207
66    174    29    203
32    53    147    84
35    52    162    125
34    96    108    184
88    135    61    129
149    142    77    94
86    149    88    182
145    59    131    65
146    82    127    110
38    118    141    139
95    132    176    108
80    81    161    117
106    111    3    125
42    68    82    65
95    22    128    47
77    50    51    88
98    125    81    84
71    105    54    165
122    92    161    86
125    115    158    164
85    148    45    199
97    66    134    83
33    74    38    36

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